Reverend Herman L. Vaill to John Brown, November 8, 1859*

Litchfield, Connecticut, Nov. 8.

To John Brown, now in bonds.

My Dear Friend: In the hope that you are permitted to receive letters from those who have known and esteemed you in other years, I desire to send you a few lines to assure you that I hold your name in pleasant remembrance among the associations of early life. I know you have not forgotten the winter of 1816-17, when yourself and your brother Salmon and Orson M. Oviatt, all then from Hudson, Ohio, were pupils in Morris Academy, Litchfield South Farms, under the care of Rev. William R. Weeks, I also being assistant teacher in the same institution; how you boarded at General Woodruff's, since deceased; and how we had meetings for religious conference and prayers, in which your own voice was often heard. Why, I remember all these things as though they were the times and scenes of yesterday. I remember, also, meeting you about ten years ago in Springfield, Massachusetts, and how we then had a long talk regarding the events and mutual experiences of the by-gone years; also an interchange of opinions relating to the truth as it is in Jesus. Excuse me for adverting to these times, so unlike those through which you have since passed. I am an old man of sixty-five, have myself gone through a pilgrimage of some light and many shades; and now, I somehow love to thankfully dwell on the light and bright spots of the past. And of my Present — what? An invalid unable to labor, except a very little, and here in my native town awaiting my Master's call into the Future and Unseen. You too, — a Torringtonborn boy, nephew of Deacon John of New Hartford, (they say;) he was my friend, — now in heaven, and awaiting your translation thither. He was as sound a piece of theological "heading timber" as ever grew on earth, and a consistent and practical Christian too. Be assured, my dear afflicted brother, that good people, here, in Goshen and Torrington and Winchester, and all about, do most cordially sympathize with you in all your sorrows, and remember you most devoutly in their supplications unto God. Yes, truly; whatever be their views as to the wisdom or otherwise of your plans and proceedings, their hearts go up to the High and Holy Throne in your behalf. You do not expect a release from prison, such as Peter had while sleeping between two soldiers bound with two chains," but the prayer "made without ceasing of the Church unto God" for you; and your own faith and trust in Him may avail for a better and more glorious deliverance by the gate of death and through the gate of life into the city of our Lord on high. Rhoda may not be there to hearken, (see Acts xi. 13,) but angels will. God grant you, through the merits of his Son, an abundant entrance into his everlasting kingdom. If all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are the Called according to His purpose," as you and I know they do, how comes it that some of His dear children die by a violent death? For the same divine reason and by the same divine appointment, that other Christians die in their beds. Our Heavenly Father has a great many ways by which He calls His children home, and whether by consumption or fever, or the flood or the flame, or by any other mode. His love to them is still the same.

Be of good cheer, then, my brother; and, living or dying, all will be well. I have written more, it may be, than I ought; but hope there is nothing here which you may not safely see; nothing which will do injury to yourself or any one. If I might be permitted a line from you before you leave, I would esteem it as a special favor; but, in any case, "the Lord lift up his countenance upon thee and give thee peace;" and so, till we meet in the world to come, Farewell.

Yours most affectionately and truly,

H. L. VAILL.

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* See John Brown's reply, "Public Life," pp. 354 and 355,

SOURCE: James Redpath, Editor, Echoes of Harper’s Ferry, p. 388-9

John Brown to his former teacher, Reverend Herman L. Vaill, November 15, 1859

Charlestown, Jefferson County, Va., Nov. 15, 1859.

Rev. H. L. Vaill.

My Dear, Steadfast Friend, — Your most kind and most welcome letter of the 8th inst. reached me in due time. I am very grateful for all the good feeling you express, and also for the kind counsels you give, together with your prayers in my behalf. Allow me here to say, notwithstanding “my soul is among lions,” still I believe that “God in very deed is with me.” You will not, therefore, feel surprised when I tell you that I am “joyful in all my tribulations;” that I do not feel condemned of Him whose judgment is just, nor of my own conscience. Nor do I feel degraded by my imprisonment, my chains, or prospect of the gallows. I have not only been (though utterly unworthy) permitted to “suffer affliction with God’s people,” but have also had a great many rare opportunities for “preaching righteousness in the great congregation.” I trust it will not all be lost. The jailer (in whose charge I am) and his family and assistants have all been most kind; and notwithstanding he was one of the bravest of all who fought me, he is now being abused for his humanity. So far as my observation goes, none but brave men are likely to be humane to a fallen foe. “Cowards prove their courage by their ferocity.” It may be done in that way with but little risk.

I wish I could write you about a few only of the interesting times I here experience with different classes of men, clergymen among others. Christ, the great captain of liberty as well as of salvation, and who began his mission, as foretold of him, by proclaiming it, saw fit to take from me a sword of steel after I had carried it for a time; but he has put another in my hand (“the sword of the Spirit”), and I pray God to make me a faithful soldier, wherever he may send me, not less on the scaffold than when surrounded by my warmest sympathizers.

My dear old friend, I do assure you I have not forgotten our last meeting, nor our retrospective look over the route by which God bad then led us; and I bless his name that he has again enabled me to hear your words of cheering and comfort at a time when I, at least, am on the “brink of Jordan.” (See Bunyan's “Pilgrim.”) God in infinite mercy grant us soon another meeting on the opposite shore. I have often passed under the rod of him whom I call my Father, — and certainly no son ever needed it oftener; and yet I have enjoyed much of life, as I was enabled to discover the secret of this somewhat early. It has been in making the prosperity and happiness of others my own; so that really I have had a great deal of prosperity. I am very prosperous still; and looking forward to a time when “peace on earth and good-will to men” shall everywhere prevail, I have no murmuring thoughts or envious feelings to fret my mind. “I’ll praise my Maker with my breath.”

I am an unworthy nephew of Deacon John, and I loved him much; and in view of the many choice friends I have had here, I am led the more earnestly to pray, “gather not my soul with the unrighteous.”

Your assurance of the earnest sympathy of the friends in my native land is very grateful to my feelings; and allow me to say a word of comfort to them.

As I believe most firmly that God reigns, I cannot believe that anything I have done, suffered, or may yet suffer will be lost to the cause of God or of humanity. And before I began my work at Harper's Ferry, I felt assured that in the worst event it would certainly pay. I often expressed that belief; and I can now see no possible cause to alter my mind. I am not as yet, in the main, at all disappointed. I have been a good deal disappointed as it regards myself in not keeping up to my own plans; but I now feel entirely reconciled to that, even, — for God's plan was infinitely better, no doubt, or I should have kept to my own. Had Samson kept to his determination of not telling Delilah wherein his great strength lay, he would probably have never overturned the house. I did not tell Delilah, but I was induced to act very contrary to my better judgment; and I have lost my two noble boys, and other friends, if not my two eyes.

But “God's will, not mine, be done.” I feel a comfortable hope that, like that erring servant of whom I have just been writing, even I may (through infinite mercy in Christ Jesus) yet “die in faith.” As to both the time and manner of my death, — I have but very little trouble on that score, and am able to be (as you exhort) “of good cheer.”

I send, through you, my best wishes to Mrs. W——.¹ and her son George, and to all dear friends. May the God of the poor and oppressed be the God and Savior of you all!

Farewell, till we meet again.

Your friend in truth,

John Brown.

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¹ The Rev. Leonard Woolscy Bacon, then of Litchfield, Conn., who first printed this letter, said in 1859: “My aged friend, the Rev. H. L. Vail, of this place, remembers John Brown as having been under his instruction in the year 1817, at Morris Academy. He was a godly youth, laboring to recover from his disadvantages of early education, in the hope of entering the ministry of the Gospel. Since then the teacher and pupil have met but once. But a short time since, Mr. Vaill wrote to Brown, in his prison, a letter of Christian friendship, to which he has received this heroic and sublime reply. I have copied it faithfully from the autograph that lies before me, without the change or omission of a word, except to omit the full name of the friends to whom he sends his message. The handwriting is clear and firm, but toward the end of the sheet seems to show that the sick old man's hand was growing weary. The very characters make an appeal to us for our sympathy and prayers. ‘His salutation with his own hand. Remember his bonds.’”

SOURCES: Franklin B. Sanborn, The Life and Letters of John Brown, p. 589-91