We moved our camps from our picket posts seven miles from Orange Court House. On the turnpike from there to Fredericksburg, and commenced putting up winter quarters. On the 31st moved into them, and for the first time in a year or two we have with our rations some coffee, sugar and dried apples.
SOURCE: Louis Leon, Diary of a Tar Heel Confederate
Soldier, p. 55
The army is filling
up with conscripts, absentees and others, and if we get also the principals of
the substitutes our army will soon be very formidable. Mose Cappock has
returned, although his wound has not quite healed. I believe if we whip the
Yankees good again this spring they will quit in disgust. Their cause is not
just, like ours, and they are sure to become discouraged more readily.
The people of
Richmond have had a great time recently, feasting and fêting General Morgan.
Men who saw him there tell me he is very young, handsome and attractive, but is modest
and has a most pleasing address. I learned that when he passed through Newberry
the people made him come out of the train and let them all take a good look at
him.
An officer in our
regiment was cashiered for forging a furlough, sure enough. I feel very sorry
for him and think he should go to the Yankees the first chance he gets, for he
is ruined wherever this thing becomes known.
The winter has been
unusually severe so far, but I am perfectly comfortable in every way, except
that our diet is becoming anything else but bountiful or extravagant. We draw a
little coffee and sugar occasionally. For breakfast this morning I had a cup of
"Pure Rio," some ham, rice, biscuit and butter, but I have a hankering
for such things as syrup, sweet potatoes, sauer-kraut, and the like. I do hope
it will not be a great while before I can have such things.
Edwin still has some
of the good things to eat which he brought from home in his trunk. His servant,
Tony, stole some of his syrup to give to a negro girl who lives near our camp,
and Ed gave him a pretty thorough thrashing for it. He says Tony is too much of
a thief to suit him and he intends to send him back home. I had to give Gabriel
a little thrashing this morning for "jawing” me. I hate very much to raise
a violent hand against a person as old as Gabriel, although he is black and a
slave. He is too slow for me, and I intend to send him back by Billie when he
goes home on furlough.
I must close, as
Gabriel is bringing in my dinner. I will write to you again in a few days.
The weather has been
fine recently and there have been some indications of a move. Yesterday we were
ordered to cook one day's rations and be ready to march, but it has turned very
cold to-day and everything is quiet again.
About ten days ago I
succeeded in buying some turnips and cabbage, and I found them most delightful
for a change until our box from home arrived. Everything in it was in excellent
condition except the sweet potatoes. It contained ten gallons of kraut, ten of
molasses, forty pounds of flour, twelve of butter, one-half bushel of Irish
potatoes, one-half peck of onions, about one peck of sausage, one ham, one side
of bacon and some cabbage. I am expecting Edwin to visit me to-morrow and I
shall offer him part of the kraut and some of the molasses, but he is so
independent I am afraid he will not accept it.
I saw Colonel Hunt's
wife yesterday, and she is the first lady with whom I have conversed since my
return in December. He pays ten dollars a day board for himself and wife at a
house near our camp.
Dr. Tyler has had
his furlough extended twenty days by the Secretary of War, and will not return
before February. I have been alone for over four weeks. I have had such a quiet
time that I have been reading Shakespeare some recently. I received a letter
from Robert Land's wife begging me to give her husband a sick furlough, and I
told him to write her that if he could ever get sick again he certainly should
go at once.
The postmaster is
here and I must close.
SOURCE: Dr. Spencer
G. Welch, A Confederate Surgeon's Letters to His Wife, p. 88-9
The Yankees advanced
to the Rapidan River yesterday and we were ordered off to met them. After some
little fighting, they retired. It was evidently nothing more than a
reconnoitering party of cavalry. To-day everything is quiet.
Billie and I are
enjoying our box immensely— especially the sauer-kraut. Edwin was over again
yesterday. He has been over three times this week. I am just as comfortable in
every respect as I could possibly wish to be. The health and spirits of
everybody seem to be excellent.
I had my hair cut
to-day and I feel quite cool about the head. I am sending you the soldier's
paper which I take, and you will find it interesting. We have such a dearth of
news that I do not know of one thing worth relating.
SOURCE: Dr. Spencer
G. Welch, A Confederate Surgeon's Letters to His Wife, p. 89-90
I received your
letter of the 3d inst. this morning. You express regret that I do not receive
your letters. I do receive them regularly, but you evidently do not receive
mine.
We are still in
"statu quo," the two armies confronting each other. I expect you know
as much about the situation—or more-than I do, for, although we are right here,
we know nothing unless we see the newspapers. I sent a telegram to Father on
the 7th inst. from Orange Court House that my brother Billie had passed through
the battle of the Wilderness safe.
We left there late
that afternoon for Spottsylvania. I went over part of the battlefield as we
were leaving, and saw that the Yankees had not taken time to bury their dead
except behind their breastworks. We had no breastworks as far as I could see.
In hurrying on we double-quicked much of the way. I understand that the dead
are very thick on the battlefield near this place.
The weather cleared
off yesterday, but it looks like rain again to-day. I never was more tired of
rain. We all still have plenty to eat.
We still remain quiet in our old camp, with no sign of an enemy anywhere. I see no indications of our leaving here soon, but there is no telling. It is unreasonable for us to suppose we shall not have another battle here this summer. Old Lee is no idler; and, if the Yankees do not push a battle on him soon, he is almost sure to push one on them.
A little fellow returned to our regiment a few days ago who had made his escape from the Yankee prison at Fort Delaware. He traveled all the way back at night, and during the day kept safely hidden and rested. He had a most thrilling experience, which was full of just such hair-breadth escapes and wonderful adventures as I used to read about in histories when I was a boy, but which I did not believe at that time. I can believe them all now, for I see just such things occurring with us almost daily.
My new servant, Gabriel, arrived yesterday from South Carolina, and he seems well pleased so far. My brother and I had a great many questions to ask him about home. Billie is just like he used to be—fond of making fun of people. He wanted to know if Gabriel kissed Malinda when he left her, and he joked him about a great many things. Gabriel bought a watermelon in Richmond and brought it to us. It is the first one we have tasted in two years.
I got a new pair of shoes from the Government for six dollars. Billie's shoes are good yet, because I lent him a pair of mine to march in, and he wore them out and saved his own. Marching on these turnpike roads is very hard on shoes, and our army becomes barefooted in a short time.
We are living just as well as we could wish. I bought a bushel of potatoes yesterday, and we have plenty of meal, some flour, one ham and some rice.
SOURCE: Dr. Spencer G. Welch, A Confederate Surgeon's Letters to His Wife, p. 76-7
For two or three days we have been expecting another fight, and we had three days' rations cooked and were ready to move.
It now appears that the Yankees have all gone back and that they sent only their cavalry forward. We have a very strong position here, and it is doubtful if they will advance this way. I am inclined to think that we shall soon begin to maneuver for the autumn campaign. It is reported that Longstreet's Corps had orders to move, and it was thought that it would be sent to the Army of the West. A part of it has gone off somewhere, and some of Ewell's troops were also moving recently.
Two men will be executed in our division next Saturday for desertion, and the entire division will be ordered out to witness it. I have never cared to witness a military execution, although I have been near enough several times to hear the report of the guns. Two men deserted from our regiment two nights ago, and, if we get them again, and this we are apt to do, they are sure to be shot. There is no other way to put a stop to desertions.
We have a large number of preachers here now from home, who are preaching to the soldiers, and we have religious services in camp almost every day.
Lieutenant-Colonel Hunt's wife is here to see him. Many others—wives of privates as well as officers have come to visit their husbands. I think this is a very unsuitable place for women. If a battle should occur unexpectedly, they would all be in a nice fix.
My furlough has not been returned, but it has not had time, and it would also be delayed by the "rumpus” that the Yankees have just stirred up. I do not hope to have it approved
I now, but I am very apt to get home before Christmas. I have nothing more to tell this time, so good-by to you and little George.
We had nine more military executions in our division yesterday—one man from Thomas' Brigade, one from Scales' and seven from Lane's. Colonel Hunt was a member of the court-martial which sentenced them, and he tells me that one of the men from Lane's Brigade was a brother of your preacher, and that the two looked very much alike. He said he was a very intelligent man, and gave as his reason for deserting that the editorials in the Raleigh Standard had convinced him that Jeff Davis was a tyrant and that the Confederate cause was wrong. I am surprised that the editor of that miserable little journal is allowed to go at large. It is most unfortunate that this thing of shooting men for desertion was not begun sooner. Many lives would have been saved by it, because a great many men will now have to be shot before the trouble can be stopped.
We have been having some cavalry fighting recently. On the 23d the enemy were threatening to flank us, and our division was moved about six miles up the Rapidan River, but we soon returned to a place near our old camp. We have heard nothing of General Meade for the last few days, but we all expect soon to have a battle.
I must close, as a doctor has just come for me to go with him to assist in dissecting two of the men who were shot yesterday.
Resumed our march at
4 this morning, and got to Orange Court House, fourteen miles. It is a very hot
day, and there were several men fell dead on the road from sunstroke. We rested
here until the 4th.
SOURCE: Louis
Leon, Diary of a Tar Heel Confederate Soldier, p. 43
