Saturday, April 24, 2010

Business Prospects For The Summer

Some of the timid ones are fearful of a general stagnation of business after the first of May. They reason that the provisions of the tax bill are soon to go into effect on articles manufactured after that time, and that dealers of every kind are laying in large stocks in anticipation. Consequently business will come to a dead stand after the tax bill is in force. But such a conclusion is a very fallacious one. It must be remembered that people will need food to eat and clothes to wear, taxes or no taxes; and everybody has been living for the past year on the most economical plan, and under the general buoyancy of feeling occasioned by our recent victories, they will be more disposed to spend money than they have for sometime past, unless – which is not likely – we meet with some sudden and severe reverses. This will make the retail trade lively, and the small traders will soon dispose of the stock they may have accumulated in anticipation of the tax. – They in turn will call on the wholesale merchants again, and thus the circuit will be continued, the people will pass from the untaxed into the taxed condition of things, as easily and unconsciously as a river glides into the ocean, and there will be no break in the stream of commercial intercourse. And again; the trade with the South will soon be very considerable. The inhabitants of Kentucky and Tennessee are already renewing their business connection with the North, and we are among those who believe the rebellion will soon be so thoroughly put down that the whole South will be opened to trade before another winter. – After so long a dearth of the necessities, not to say luxuries of life, the South will do a large business in northern merchandise; and recent events in Virginia, where the federal arms have advanced, show that there is still money in the South, which has escaped the grasp of Jeff. Davis, and which will be paid for northern wares.

To those who are still more fearful, and in addition to a general stagnation of business are anticipating the speedy bankruptcy of the government and the people, on account of the large expenditures of war purposes, it may be comforting to be reminded that the expenses of Great Britain for the last year, and in a time of peace, were nearly a million and a quarter dollars a day. This is nearly as much as our expenditures in a time of war; and yet who talks of the English nation becoming bankrupt! If England can safely weather such a tax as this annually, surely we can pay the expenses of this war for the Union, and pay it without groaning, a hundred cents on the dollar. Let the nervous, and the timid, and the speculating, croak on about bankruptcy and ruin. – The nation is not yet insolvent and is not likely to be. We have passed through the hardest financial period, and with the general hope and confidence in the success of our efforts to crush out the rebellion, business must revive. It is impossible that it should be otherwise; for even the tax bill, heavy as it is, is not weighty enough to crush the buoyancy and enthusiasm of the people. – {Springfield Republican.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

The Volunteer

“AT dawn,” he said, “I bid them all farewell,
To go where bugles call and rifles gleam.”
And with the restless thought asleep he fell,
And glides ino dream.

A great hot plain from sea to mountain spread –
Through it a level river slowly drawn.
He moved with a vast crowd and at its head
Streamed banners like the dawn.

There came a blinding flash, a deafening roar,
And dissonant cries of triumph and dismay;
Blood trickled down the river’s reedy shore,
And with the dead he lay.

The morn broke in upon his solemn dream;
And still, with steady pulse and deepening eye
“Where bugles call,” he said, “and rifles gleam,
I follow, though I die!”

Wise youth! By few is glory’s wreath attained,
But death or late or soon awaiteth all.
To fight in Freedom’s cause is something gained
And nothing lost, to fall.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

The Incurable Malignants

In another column we print an interesting letter from Central Kentucky. The writer is a woman, and a determined Unionist, and she gives a very clear impression of the condition of public sentiment in the part of the State in which she lives. It is sad to read of the division of families and the alienation of friendships caused by the lawless rebellion into which the demamogues [sic] of the South have enticed so many people. That the conduct of the secessionists in Kentucky is as perfidious as she describes it to be does not surprise us. The experience of the past year has shown that when men cast of their allegiance they throw away with it, too often, most of the sentiments of honor by which society is upheld. They deny their debts, break their oaths, malign their opponents, and, indeed, seem indifferent to all the usual impulses of manly feeling

It is frequently asked, What is to become of these determined malignants? They are found in St. Louis, in Nashville, in Baltimore, and more or less in all those parts of the slave States which our armies have re-occupied. As we get further South, moreover, the number will increase; and though they will form but a wretched minority, even in South Carolina, their unquiet spirits will try to keep the country in turmoil. Yet we do not see much cause for apprehension on this head. A free people know how to protect themselves against disorganizers. Wherever the rebels are subdued and the supremacy of the laws is re-established, the common sense of the great majority will uphold the government. So long as the rebels hope to succeed, their friends in the loyal States will stand ready to join them, and will – because they peril noting by doing so – openly talk and secretly act in a disloyal manner. But where their cause is made hopeless, as it has been in Maryland and Missouri, they will themselves quiet down, and their sympathetic friends will disappear.

No doubt there will remain in all the southern States a number of implacable natures which it will be difficult if not impossible to reconcile to the defeat of their treasonable schemes. In their infatuation they have taught themselves and their neighbors to hate the Union and the Government; they have long cherished the hope of destroying both, both for personal and political ends, and they will never again be able to resume their former feelings towards their fellow-citizens. The animosity engendered by war will add to the virulence of their passion. How could they live with any comfort under a government they have tried to overturn, obey laws they have spurned, pay taxes for their enforcement, or remain, in short, in a society which, if not antagonistic to them, would be suspicious of them. But such has been the fate of many men, in all ages of the world. It is a melancholy fact that no government ever framed could suit all its subjects. There have been grumblers and malcontents under despotisms, and now under the freest and best government in the world. – Fortunately, however, there has been a way of escape open to such persons. The Puritans were a dissatisfied class; they emigrated, first to Holland, and not finding themselves comfortable there, next to America. – After the act of Union was passed thousands of Irishmen were dissatisfied, and they departed for distant shores. In Germany there has long been a numerous body of unsatisfied people, who have found their relief in migrating, some to Brazil, some to Chili, and other to the United States. Emigration, indeed, has been a kind of safety-valve for nearly all the older nations – for Norway, Sweden, Demark, England and Scotland – and the descendants of these classes make up almost the whole of our population. They all removed when they found themselves no longer comfortable under the established government of their native country. Parts of South Carolina and Georgia were settled by French Protestants who were likely to suffer from the repeal of the Edict of Nantes. In a word, if we look back through history we shall find that ever since the days when the Children of Israel got tired of making bricks without straw, and returned to Palestine, emigration has been the outlet and cure for all sorts of dissatisfactions.

Even in our own country the process is not at all unknown. Many of the free States of the West are populated in great part by the emigrants from slave States. In Indiana whole counties are composed of Kentuckians and their children, poor non-slaveholders, who fled from stagnation imposed on free labor by the presence of slaves. Every eastern slave State has been drained by these filtrations of men and women wearied of the bitter struggle with poverty and ignorance, and anxious to secure for their children the benefit of the superior civilization of a free society.

But if such has been the resort of innocent persons in different circumstances, we see no harm in suggesting to those who cannot content themselves in our old Union, as good Uncle Toby said to the fly, “the world is wide enough for me and thee, go in peace.” We shall not, like many of the despotic governments of Europe, interpose difficulties in the way. We shall not require passports or demand of the young man a term of military service before he leaves the government which no longer satisfies him. Go in peace; take your goods with you; seek more congenial climes – sail to Cuba or Brazil, if you will, where you will find even slavery existing to please you; or, if you wo’d revel in that species of barbarism, the whole continent of Africa is open to you, excepting Sierra Leone and Liberia.

It is unreasonable counsel, this? Suppose that of our thirty millions twenty-eight were for Davis and slavery, and two millions for the Union, the Constitution and the Enforcement of the Laws, would not the same advice be offered to the minority – even though they were morally right? And justly, we think. It is necessary to have a government under which peace, law, and order are supreme. Those who are strong must maintain those; those who are week must succumb; must obey while they remain; must emigrate when the can or will no longer obey. – {N. Y. Post.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

A Severe Hurricane

A fierce tornado passed over this county on Tuesday evening of last week. The citizens of Oskaloosa may remember, as we do, seeing a dark, swift, and singular shaped cloud a short distance south west of town. We mentioned last week that in that neighborhood several houses were unroofed and many fences blown down. The cloud passed on toward the northwest, and we do not hear of material damage being done until it came near the village of Indianapolis. There it descended to the earth and swept everything before it. It was funnel-shaped, the smaller part being quite lengthy and reaching nearly to the ground, and moving with frightful rapidity. It struck the house of A. J. Myers and left it a wreck. Barely escaping the house of [Willie] Baker, it demolished his saw-mill and destroyed his grove, also his blacksmith and wagon shop and store room were completely destroyed. The house of Mr. Burkes was ruined; that of John Evans turned round and much damaged, that of James Hines moved and well nigh destroyed, and Mr. Leake’s store turned round but not much injured. The school house standing on the public square was torn to pieces and swept completely away. The residence, smoke house, stable, etc. of James McCoy destroyed. The house of Mrs. Massey, the wife of a soldier was, was apparently crushed, she and her children being protected by the high posts of the bedstead on which they were reclining. The village church was picked up and carried about sixty feet, the roof being taken clear away, and the bare walls left standing – The house of James Green, occupied by William Biggs and I. N. Garret, was wrecked completely. One of James Bridges, occupied by Daniel White, was destroyed, and Mrs. White and child considerably hurt. One of Elijah Sewell, occupied by Wm. Cratty, wrecked. One of D. Tinsley, occupied by Reuben Cooley, unroofed. That of Mr. Robb destroyed. Several other small buildings were blown away. Just after passing through Indianapolis. The cloud struck the ground and for some distance swept it clean. Further on the two story residence of Mrs. Hutchinson was destroyed, and also that of O. Kennels; Mrs. K. being seriously injured. Jos. Bonsall’s house was destroyed, and he and his wife received some personal injury.

J. B. Leake, Esq., to whom we are indebted of the above particulars, mentions several interesting incidents. The hurricane was about two hundred yards in width, and traveled with wonderful rapidity. Mr. L. thinks it could not have been more than half a minute from the time the cloud came in sight until it was gone. In one place a shingle was found driven deep into a solid oak tree. The “suction” was so strong that the windows in some of the building on the outskirts of the storm’s path, were drawn outward and swept away almost with the rapidity of lightning. In once instance a ledger, lying on a desk four or five feet from a window thus carried away, was taken off and had not been found at last accounts. We are sorry to learn that some families not very well off at best have been left in destitute circumstances by this destructive tornado. – {Oskaloosa Herald.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

41st Illinois Infantry

Organized at Decatur, Ill., and mustered in August 5, 1861. Moved to St. Louis, Mo., August 8, 1861, thence to Bird's Point, Mo., August 29, and to Paducah, Ky., September 8. Attached to District of Cairo to December, 1861. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, District of Cairo, to February, 1862. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, District of West Tennessee and Army of the Tennessee, to July, 1862. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, District of Memphis, to September, 1862. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, District of Jackson, to November, 1862. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, Right Wing 13th Army Corps (Old), Dept. of the Tennessee to December, 1862. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, 17th Army Corps, Army of the Tennessee to January, 1863. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, 16th Army Corps, to July, 1863. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, 13th Army Corps to August, 1863. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, 17th Army Corps, to March, 1864. 1st Brigade, Provisional Division, 17th Army Corps, Dept. of the Gulf, to June, 1864 (Non-Veterans). 4th Brigade, 1st Division, 16th Army Corps, to August, 1864 (Non-Veterans). 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, 17th Army Corps, to November, 1864. 1st Brigade, 4th Division, 17th Army Corps, to December, 1864.

SERVICE.--Duty at Paducah, Ky. (Cos. "B" and "I," at Smithland, Ky.), till February, 1862. Demonstration on Columbus, Ky., November 7-9, 1861. Operations against Forts Henry and Heiman, Tenn., February 3-6. Fort Heiman February 7. Investment and capture of Fort Donelson, Tenn., February 12-16. Expedition to Clarksville, Tenn., February 19-21. Moved to Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., March 10-16. Battle of Shiloh, Tenn., April 6-7. Advance on and siege of Corinth, Miss., April 29-May 30. March to Memphis, Tenn., via LaGrange, Grand Junction. Holly Springs and Germantown, June 1-July 21. Duty there till September 6. Moved to Bolivar, Tenn. March to relief of Corinth October 4. Battle of Hatchie River or Metamora, October 5. Pursuit to Ripley October 5-12. Grant's Central Mississippi Campaign, November 2, 1862, to January 10, 1863. Reconnoissance from LaGrange to Lamar, Miss., November 5, 1862. Worsham Creek November 16. Guard R. R. at Moscow, Tenn., January to March, 1863. Skirmish at Moscow February 18 (Detachment). Moved to Memphis, Tenn., March, and duty there till May. Expedition to the Coldwater, Miss., April 18-24. Hernando April 18. Coldwater April 19. Moved to Vicksburg, Miss., June 12-22. Siege of Vicksburg June 22-July 4. Surrender of Vicksburg July 4. Advance on Jackson, Miss., July 5-10. Siege of Jackson, July 10-17. Assault on Jackson July 12. At Vicksburg till November. Moved to Natchez, Miss., November 18 and return to Vicksburg, December 16. Duty there till February, 1864. Meridian Campaign February 3-March 2. Pearl River February 27. Veterans on furlough March to May, 1864. Non-Veterans on Red River Campaign March 10-May 22. Fort DeRussy March 14. Battle of Pleasant Hill, La., April 9. Pleasant Hill Landing April 12-13. About Cloutiersville April 22-24. At Alexandria April 30-May 13. Boyce's Plantation May 6. Well's Plantation May 6. Bayou Boeuf May 7. Retreat to Morganza May 13-22. Mansura May 16. Yellow Bayou May 18. Moved to Vicksburg, thence to Memphis, Tenn., May 22-June 10. Action at Lake Chicot, Ark., June 6-7. Smith's Expedition to Tupelo, Miss., July 5-21. Harrisburg near Tupelo July 14-15. Smith's Expedition to Oxford, Miss., August 1-30. Veterans moved to Cairo, Ill., thence to Nashville, Tenn., and to Tunnel Hill May, 1864. Assigned to duty guarding R. R. at Tunnel Hill, Moon Station, Big Shanty, Marietta and Kenesaw Mountain till November. March to the sea November 15-December 10. Siege of Savannah December 10-21. Consolidated with 53d Illinois Infantry December 23, 1864.

Regiment lost during service 8 Officers and 107 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 3 Officers and 107 Enlisted men by disease. Total 225.

SOURCE: Dyer , Frederick H., A Compendium Of The War Of The Rebellion, Part 3, p. 1264

Friday, April 23, 2010

12th Iowa Infantry Monument: Shiloh National Military Park

IOWA

TO HER 12TH INFANTRY
TUTTLE’S (1ST) BRIGADE
W. H. L. WALLACE’S (2D) DIVISION
ARMY OF THE TENNESSEE


IOWA

12TH REGIMENT INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS
COMMANDED BY COL. J. J. WOODS, (WOUNDED AND CAPTURED)
CAPT. S. R. EDGINGTON, (CAPTURED)

THIS REGIMENT HELD THIS POSITION AGAINST REPEATED ATTACKS FROM 9 A.M. TO 5 P.M., APRIL 6, 1862. IT THEN ABOUT-FACED TO MEET AN ATTACK COMING FROM THE REAR, AND FOUGHT ITS WAY BACK TO THE CAMP OF THE 41ST ILLINOIS, WHERE IT WAS SURROUNDED AND CAPTURED AT 5:30 P.M.

TOTAL NUMBER REPORTED PRESENT FOR DUTY INCLUDING MUSICIANS, TEAMSTERS, ETC., 489.

ITS LOSS IN THE BATTLE WAS, 2 OFFICERS AND 15 MEN KILLED; 1 OFFICER AND 42 MEN WOUNDED AND LEFT ON THE FIELD; 33 MEN WOUNDED AND CAPTURED; 20 OFFICERS AND 366 MEN MISSING; TOTAL 479.

OF THE WOUNDED , 16 DIED OF THEIR WOUNDS; OF THE MISSING, 4 WERE NEVER AFTERWARDS HEARD FROM; THEY WERE DOUBTLESS KILLED; OF THE MISSING 71 DIED IN PRISON.


See Also:

Confiscation

We suppose the Administration has by this time abandoned the ideas which formed the policy of our philosophical Secretary of State, in the early part of the war, that the rebellion would fall to pieces in sixty days – renewed at maturity, as bills often have to be in time of war. We suppose also that it has ceased to find Gen. McClellan’s promises of immediate and decisive movements available as collateral in Wall streets for loans. The Government must by this time see the necessity for putting its finances on some basis that will stand a protracted contest. Even if the war shall come to an end at the limit of another of Mr. Seward’s sixty day predictions, it is neither creditable to the Government nor safe to be shinning on financial shifts that must break down in a limited time.

We refrain from particularizing the financial situation of the Government, but every thinking man knows that its system so far is merely a temporizing one, which constantly increases the difficulty, and which must break down in a limited time. The expense of this war could not be born by the wealthiest nation in the world for any long time. The Confederate leaders know our financial problem as well as we do. They realize it more than we. It is the basis of their hopes of success, and will govern their tactics, if they are defeated in the great battles now pending. They calculate that even a guerilla warfare will compel us to keep up our immense expenditure, and that in a limited time it will break down our finances.

Thus our defective financial system and immense expenditure encourage them to hold out. It is impossible for us to continue the war unless it is made to contribute to its own expenses. Our President, and his philosophical Secretary of State and Congress, may as well look that fact in the face. We have no doubt that the Secretary of the Treasury fully realizes it already. It is an absolute necessity to the preservation of Government. That it is sufficient. We might particularize the financial situation of the Government to prove this, but we forbear out of regard to the public service. If any one in the Administration or in Congress is not aware of it, he had better be in some employment suited to his capacity.

But besides the absolute necessity, what could be more just than that rebels should pay the cost of subduing the rebellion? What more unjust than that the burden should be saddled upon loyal men and future generations? And how can a nation which loads itself with debt to the extent of its capacity, from its internal dissensions, hope to sustain itself in a war with a great foreign power, or to make its power respected by other nations? And what security can the public creditors have for the payment of this debt when the representatives of these rebel States come back into Congress to vote annually upon appropriations to pay the interest on the cost of subjecting them, while their own Confederate debt is disowned? This is only an additional reason for making rebellion pay as it goes the cost of putting it down.

At present the property of every known loyal man in the South, is confiscated to the rebel war fund, while the property of every rebel is sacred to our armies. Thus the rebellion draws more support from the loyal men of the south, than from the rebels. With this means their financial system may outlast ours. The result is that our war expenses are paid entirely and those of the rebels in great part, by the loyal men. A rigid inquisition has been enforced to find out and confiscate all property owned in, and every debt due to, the North. Every item that could be discovered was seized for the confederate treasury, and thousands of the chivalrous traders who went for Secession because it would wipe out their debts to the north, have been forced to pay them into the rebel war fund.

It will be necessary that Congress should accompany its tax bill with a comprehensive confiscation bill, that will reduce the cost of supporting our armies in the enemy’s country, and produce a fund to pay off the public debt. Other wise the people may begin to enquire if the rebellion is not cheaper than loyalty. But the question of confiscation in Congress runs against slavery at the outset, and so far that has blocked the way. There is eminent propriety in confiscating the property which, if not the who cause, is the means of creating and sustaining the rebellion; but slavery also furnished a means by which all Boarder Slave State Representatives and all Democrats resist any measure of confiscation, and so sacred is slavery in the Northern mind, that it has great effect in protecting other rebel property from just retribution.

There are, besides, peculiar difficulties involved in the confiscation of slaves. What shall be done with them? Some of the very representatives who talk of confiscating them, declare also that their states will not have them. The Government cannot sell them, nor transfer them to “loyal men,” as some of our patriotic Southern “Union men” propose. That would be sowing the seeds of rebellion broadcast among the loyal. Colonization is a very comfortable doctrine, but at best, even if the Government should make extraordinary exertions, it would only amount to the transportation of a few thousand or hundred thousand of the most enterprising of them to a foreign country, leaving the evil in its full magnitude here.

The negro’s fate has fixed him here, and here he will remain to work it out. They who make colonization a condition of emancipation might as well drop both ideas. When it comes to general emancipation in the South by military power or any other power, it must be by a power that will protect the negroes in the South. They are the foundation of its wealth, as laborers are everywhere. There is no country that could have such an exodus of its laboring population without ruin. Confiscation of slaves at once raises the question how they shall be disposed of, and we do not find any yet who are able to answer it an any way that will meet a general case.

We propose that the confiscation measure be relieved of this embarrassment, by leaving out of it the slaves. This may be reasonably done, on the ground that the confiscation of slaves will not help our treasury. This will bring the question of proper penalties on rebel property before our Border State Union men, and our Democratic brethren, divested of this danger to Slavery, which is so much more fearful to them than the danger to the nation, or than all the sufferings and sacrifices of the people. Let them be tried squarely on the question of confiscation of other property. Then the confiscation of the slaves of rebels can be tried in a separate measure, when such a measure is thought expedient.

We are aware that it is galling to the people who have sent their sons and brothers to fight this rebellion, that it should have the aid of black men, who would be our best friends. The feeling of the people of the north has also been grossly outraged that Northern soldiers should be used as a slave police in the South for half and whole traitors. But the Commander-in-Chief can stop the later practice if he chooses; and as to the other, the army could not receive without embarrassment any more of negroes that it could make useful to it. Should its marches be the dispensation of liberty to the bondmen, it might have the hole colored population of the south with it. The African foundation would drop from the kingdom of Cotton, and the bottom from the rebellion; but the same question would arise: What shall be done with the negro?

Unquestionably the army has the right to avail itself of the aid of any person in the enemy’s country, and the commander who does not would be responsible for the sacrifice of his army, if defeat resulted from the neglect of such aid. This is a right, according to the rules of war; but there is an act of Congress confiscating all slaves used for military purposes, which would furnish our army with all the negroes it could use. They might be of great service in camp duties, as cooks, hospital attendants, teamsters, guides, &c., and work on entrenchments, greatly to the relief of our soldiers, and to the release of a large number who are kept for the fighting ranks by such duties. The army might have its pick of the able bodied black men for these services.

But this it is the duty of the Commander-in-Chief to attend to, and his power is amply efficient. It is as far as any confiscation of slaves can go, until provision is made for protecting them in the country where they are, and where their labor is vital to its propriety. But the confiscation of other property can be divested of this question and of all the subterfuges which it furnishes to disloyalty. – {Cincinnati Gazette.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

4th Minnesota Infantry

Organized by Companies at Fort Snelling, Minn., as follows: Company "A" mustered in October 4, 1861, and Company "B" October 2, 1861. Moved to Fort Ridgly, Minn., and garrison duty there till March, 1862. Company "C" mustered in October 7, 1861. Also moved to Fort Ridgly and garrison duty there till March, 1862. Company "D" mustered in October 10, 1861. Moved to Fort Abercrombie, D. T., and duty there till March, 1862. Company "E" mustered in November 27, 1861. Company "F" mustered in October 11, 1861. Company "G" mustered in November 22, 1861. Moved to Fort Abercrombie and duty there till March, 1862. Company "H" mustered in December 20, 1861. Company "I" mustered in December 23, 1861. Company "K" mustered in December 23, 1861. Regiment concentrated at Fort Snelling March, 1862, and moved to Benton Barracks, Mo., April 20-23, 1862. Moved to Hamburg Landing, Tenn., May 2-14. Attached to 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, Army of Mississippi, May to November, 1862. 1st Brigade, 7th Division, Left Wing 13th Army Corps (Old), Dept. of the Tennessee, to December, 1862. 1st Brigade, 7th Division, 16th Army Corps, to January, 1863. 1st Brigade, 7th Division, 17th Army Corps, to September, 1863. 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, 17th Army Corps, to December, 1863. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, 15th Army Corps, to April, 1865. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 15th Army Corps, to July, 1865.

SERVICE.--Advance on and siege of Corinth, Miss., May 18-30. Pursuit to Booneville May 31-June 12. Duty at Clear Creek till August. Expedition to Rienzi and Ripley June. Moved to Jacinto August 5, and duty there till September 18. March to Iuka, Miss., September 18-19. Battle of Iuka September 19. Moved to Corinth October 1. Battle of Corinth October 3-4. Pursuit to Ripley October 5-12. Grant's Central Mississippi Campaign November, 1862, to January, 1863. Reconnoissance from Lagrange November 8-9, 1862. Duty at White's Station and Memphis, Tenn., till February, 1863. Expedition to Yazoo Pass by Moon Lake, Yazoo Pass and Coldwater and Tallahatchie Rivers February 24-April 8. Operations against Fort Pemberton and Greenwood March 13-April 5. Moved to Milliken's Bend, La., April 13-15. Movement on Bruinsburg and turning Grand Gulf April 25-30. Battle of Port Gibson, Miss., May 1. Jones' Cross Roads and Willow Springs May 3. Battles of Raymond May 12; Jackson May 14; Champion's Hill May 16; Big Black River May 17. Siege of Vicksburg May 18-July 4. Assaults on Vicksburg May 19 and 22. Expedition to Mechanicsburg May 26-June 4. Surrender of Vicksburg July 4. Garrison duty at Vicksburg till September 12. Moved to Helena, Ark., September 12, thence to Memphis, Tenn., and Corinth, Miss., and march to Chattanooga, Tenn., October 6-November 20. Operations on Memphis & Charleston Railroad in Alabama October 20-29. Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign November 23-27. Tunnel Hill November 24-25. Mission Ridge November 25. Pursuit to Graysville November 26-27. At Bridgeport and Huntsville, Ala., till June, 1864. Operations about Whitesburg, Ala., February 2, 1864. Veterans on furlough March 5 to May 4, 1864. Moved from Huntsville, Ala., to Stevenson, Ala., thence to Kingston, Ga., June 22-25, thence to A1-latoona July 5-6, and garrison duty there till November. Battle of Allatoona October 5. March to the sea November 15-December 10. Siege of Savannah, Ga., December 10-21. Campaign of the Carolinas January to April, 1865. Salkehatchie Swamps, S.C., February 2-5. South Edisto River February 9. North Edisto River February 12-13. About Columbia February 15-17. Cheraw March 3. Battle of Bentonville, N. C., March 19-21. Occupation of Goldsboro March 24. Advance on Raleigh April 10-14. Occupation of Raleigh April 14. Bennett's House April 26. Surrender of Johnston and his army. March to Washington, D.C., via Richmond, Va., April 29-May 20. Grand Review May 24. Moved to Louisville, Ky., June 2-3. Duty there till July 19. Mustered out July 19 and discharged at St. Paul, Minn., August 7, 1865.

Regiment lost during service 3 Officers and 58 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 3 Officers and 175 Enlisted men by disease. Total 239.

SOURCE: Dyer , Frederick H., A Compendium Of The War Of The Rebellion, Part 3, p. 1297-8

More Nurses Wanted

Dr. Hughes, Superintendent of the Hospital request us to state that several more good male nurses are needed for permanent employment in the Hospital. Apply at once to Dr. Hughes. – Gate City.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

Rebellious Memphis now lies between two fires.

Captain Porter’s Mortar fleet, having planted the Federal flag in New Orleans, will now probably ascend the river to Vicksburgh [sic] and Memphis; and Com. Foote’s flotilla will be there as soon as wanted. Memphis must be a tremor about this time.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

Thursday, April 22, 2010

The Difference

The rebels have lost the following Generals during the war:

Garnett was killed at Carrick’s Ford; Burton and Bee at Manassas; Zollicoffer at Mill Springs; McCulloch, McIntosh and Slack at Pea Ridge; A. Sidney Johnston and Bushrod Johnson at Pittsburg Landing. Then we have captured Tilghman, Buckner, McCall, Galt, and Walker.

On the other hand, so far Generals Lyon and Wallace are the only Generals killed in battle, although Lander died from effects of a wound. Gen. Prentiss is the only prisoner of the same rank in possession of the rebels.

We hope all of the rebel officers will not be disposed of by bullets. There ought to be some left to taste the virtue of hemp.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

The Army Before Yorktown

THE FORTIFICATIONS AND FORCE OF THE ENEMY.

(Correspondence of the N. Y. Evening Post.)

IN CAMP NEAR YORKTOWN, VA
April 22, 1862.

A visit to the extreme left of our lines on the shores of the James river yesterday put me in possession of some facts concerning the fortifications of the enemy. Commencing upon the shore of the York river, opposite Gloucester Point, the rebel earthworks extend down the river for a distance of nearly half a mile; then, turning at right angles, extend another half mile and connect with a new line of works in the rear. – Another line, nearly straight, extends in a southwesternly direction across the peninsula to James river. After leaving the principal work at Yorktown, which is mounted with nearly one hundred heavy guns, the rebel line is principally composed of simple breastworks, which have been thrown up to a height of four of five feet, and armed with pieces of small caliber.

For the first half mile, there are several heavy pieces, and for the next half mile not at all, the works being protected by rifle pits and bodies of infantry, with low, swampy land outside, which will prevent approach. Afterwards the works, guns, and rifle pits occur at intervals. – When within three miles of James River, the works are dug along the bank of a creek, across which the rebels have constructed dams, raising ponds of various depths and widths, with earthworks at the dams and rifle pits between. At the mouth of the creek the works are somewhat stronger, and extend up the river a short distance.


THE REBEL FORCE.

Of course our force occupies the entire line, and meets the enemy face to face in frequent skirmishes. The rebels are in force at all points near their guns, or at least have the power to concentrate a considerable number of troops at any time on short notice. They also have a supply of moveable artillery, which they transfer rapidly from one point to another, as occasion requires. Their principal force of men and guns occupies a point just outside of their heaviest works, and, from the increase in the number of tents and the camp fires, it is judged that heavy reinforcements must have been received during the past week. I do not, however, share in the belief that there is anything like a hundred thousand men in the vicinity. I doubt even whether they have half that number.

In artillery the enemy must be deficient, for their guns are scarcely half as many as ours. At the batteries we have thus far engaged, or where a skirmish has occurred, this supposed deficiency in artillery and the superiority of our numbers, as well as the courage of our men, give us a decided advantage. Our sharpshooters follow the retreating foe up to the very edge of the works and maintain the position, picking off their gunners at every attempt to load or fire their pieces. In this way the slaughter of the rebels has been terrible, for there is no disputing the fact when men are plainly seen to tumble over at their posts. The aim of our riflemen has been unerring. The rebels are probably deficient in sharpshooters, as our gunners continue their work unmolested; not one of them having been killed by a rifle ball as yet, although their daring conduct has exposed them to the severest fire.


FLAGS OF TRUCE – WHAT THE REBELS SAY.

Flags of truce from the enemy have been received within our lines, and during the intercourse of our men with the rebels various matters were talked of. One of the rebels, and Irishman, inquired if there were any Irishmen in our ranks, and said he wanted to get over to us, but could get no chance to do so. Several expressed their hatred of the war, and said they wished it was over. While such remarks were made in a cautions manner, others expressed a malignant hatred of the Union cause and of the Union troops. The greater part – three hundred at least – seen near their works were negroes. The rebels had some fifty dead bodies to take care of, many of whom were also negroes.

The flag of truce over, our guns and sharpshooters again opened, and not a rebel head was afterwards visible. At this time a novel kind of weapon was brought into service. It consists of a large sized rifle with a hopper and machinery at the breach, which loads and fires by turning a crank, one hundred and seventy times in a few seconds. In fact, it is one continuous discharge. The balls flew thick and fast, and the Yankee invention must have astonished the other side. There are some half dozen of these guns in the division on trial, and, if we may believe our eyes while watching the effect they are entitled to consideration.


NIGHT ATTACKS.

During the night, and under cover of a heavy rain which had set in, the rebels began a slight skirmish, which resulted in nothing but a waste of ammunition on their side. The first indication was a signal resembling the hoot of an owl from a whistle in the hands of their pickets, followed by a rocket and a simultaneous discharge as if from a force of several regiments, and continuing some minutes.

In returning from the visit to our left we took the road which leads from Yorktown to Warwick and follows in a close proximity to the rebel works, in many instances quite near, and in full view across the open field. But for the greater part of the way the road crosses through a dense forest. In fact, two-thirds of the country in the center of the Peninsula is a forest, broken here and there by a small plantation, now deserted. At intervals along the road our batteries were in active play upon the rebels, receiving, however but a feeble response, as if they were waiting for our nearer approach or were shot of ammunition. They evidently hold us in supreme contempt, although they may have a different impression by and by.


PROSPECTS.

It is a matter of considerable speculation why they should suffer works to have been thrown up right under their eyes, and why they maintain such a prolonged silence. At a few points they replied sharply for a few minutes, and then abandoned it. At no point have we allowed them to construct a new fortification, and have even grown saucy and overbearing in our treatment of the rascals. We have crowded them up until they cannot work their guns, and taunted them in every possible manner.

While we can give no indications of what our preparations are, it is sufficient to say that those of us here on the grounds, and in close daily observation of the works, are surprised both at the developments of Gen. McClellan’s and Gen. F. J. Porter’s ingenuity and skill in taking advantage of natural positions, and the rapidity with which the work advances. Have patience; the men in command and their means are equal to the occasion, and whether the rebels make a stubborn resistance and fight a bloody fight, or evacuate after a few rounds, the army of the Potomac is ready.


PROGRESS OF THE SIEGE.

There is no change to report in the progress of the siege. Two contrabands passed the enemy’s guard in a boat during the darkness and rain of last evening and came to our lines. – One of them is a boy of sixteen, and unusually keen. The other is about thirty five years old, and shrewd. These negroes state that General Magruder is at Lee’s Mill, about four miles in front of the James river, and twelve miles from Williamsburgh. The rebels have a good road along the line of their fortifications from Yorktown to Lee’s Mill. There are no fortifications in the rear of the first rebel line, but guns are moved from point to point is circumstances require.

The contrabands also stat the Gen. Joseph Johnston commands at Yorktown; that Jeff Davis is at Richmond, and in the language of the contrabands, “a heap o’ sacred,” as are all the rebels at Yorktown; and that many negroes are at work on earthworks and working the guns in the forts.

The contrabands were quite positive that the rebels had about sixty thousand men, but little confidence can be placed in their ideas of numbers. Thet came through a portion of our camp where they could see the tents, artillery, &c., of ten thousand men, and in reply to the question if they had as many men as we had, replied: “Oh, jist ‘bout half of what we see hereabouts.” So you will see that there is no idea of numbers.

Yorktown is something over a mile back from the fortifications, and separated by “the Pines,” a piece of pine woods. A large number of houses have been torn down to keep us from getting into them. All the information I can gather leads to the conclusion that the rebels will fight hard while they can do so with artillery, but they have no [confidence] in themselves.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

A letter from Fort Pillow says . . .

. . . that the mosquitoes are plenty there, and Nature’s sweet restorer has become a myth. An extra order has gone up to Cairo for mosquito bars, and until they arrive the sailors live in torment. The weather is extremely warm, and vegetation is in full bloom. It is actually summer.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

A well sunk at any point . . .

. . . along the Saginaw river, Michigan, to the depth of 700 feet, will bring to the surface the strongest and purest salt brine found anywhere in the Unites States.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

Wednesday, April 21, 2010

7th Iowa Infantry Monument: Shiloh National Military Park


IOWA

TO HER
7TH INFANTRY
TUTTLE’S (1ST) BRIGADE
W. H. L. WALLACE’S (2D) DIVISION
ARMY OF THE TENNESSEE



IOWA
7TH REGIMENT INFANTRY VOLUNTEERS
COMMANDED BY LT. COL. J. C. PARROTT

ON THE MORNING OF APRIL 6, 1862 THE REGIMENT, AS PART OF THE BRIGADE, FORMED IN LINE OF BATTLE ON THE LEFT OF THE 2ND IOWA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY, ON A SUNKEN ROAD, THE CENTER OF THE REGIMENT BEING WHERE THIS MONUMENT STANDS. IT HELD ITS POSITION, REPELLING A NUMBER OF ATTACKS, UNTIL LATE IN THE AFTERNOON WHEN THE BRIGADE WAS ORDERED TO FALL BACK. IN THE RETREAT THE REGIMENT WAS SUBJECTED TO A SEVERE FIRE FROM BOTH SIDES. IT REFORMED IN A NEW LINE OF BATTLE ALONG A ROAD LEADING TO THE LANDING AND HELD THAT POSITION DURING THE NIGHT.

ON THE MORNING OF APRIL 7, THE REGIMENT WAS ASSIGNED TO THE RESERVE AND, UNDER ORDERS FROM GENERAL CRITTENDEN, CHARGED AND CAPTURED ONE OF THE ENEMY’S BATTERIES.

PRESENT FOR DUTY, INCLUDING OFFICERS, MUSICIANS, TEAMSTERS, ETC., 383.

ITS LOSS WAS, 1 OFFICER AND 9 MEN KILLED; 17 MEN WOUNDED; 7 MEN MISSING; TOTAL 34.


See Also:

44th Indiana Infantry

Organized at Fort Wayne, Ind., and mustered in November 22, 1861. Moved to Henderson, Ky., December. Attached to 13th Brigade, Army of the Ohio, December, 1861. 13th Brigade, 5th Division, Army of the Ohio, to February, 1862. 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, Army of the Tennessee, to March, 1862. 3rd Brigade, 4th Division, Army of the Tennessee, to April, 1862. 14th Brigade, 5th Division, Army of the Ohio, to September, 1862. 14th Brigade, 5th Division, 2nd Corps, Army of the Ohio, to November, 1862. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Left Wing 14th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to January, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 21st Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to October, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 4th Army Corps, to November, 1863. Post of Chattanooga, Tenn., Dept. of the Cumberland, to April, 1864. 1st Separate Brigade, Post of Chattanooga, Tenn., to January, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 1st Separate Division, District of the Etowah, Dept. of the Cumberland, to May, 1865. 2nd Brigade, 4th Division, District of East Tennessee, Dept. of the Cumberland, to September, 1865.

SERVICE.--Duty at Calhoun, Green River, Ky., January-February, 1862. Moved to Fort Donelson, Tenn., February 11-12. Investment and capture of Fort Donelson February 14-16. Expedition to Crump's Landing, Tenn., March 9-14. Battle of Shiloh, Tenn., April 6-7. Advance on siege of Corinth, Miss., April 29-May 30. Pursuit to Booneville May 31-June 12. Buell's Campaign in Northern Alabama and Middle Tennessee June to August. March to Louisville, Ky., in pursuit of Bragg August 21-September 26. Pursuit of Bragg to Loudon, Ky., October 1-22. March to Nashville, Tenn., October 22-November 7, and duty there till December 26. Lavergne November 23. Advance on Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 26-30. Battle of Stone's River December 30-31, 1862, and January 1-3, 1863. Duty at Murfreesboro till June. Middle Tennessee (or Tullahoma) Campaign June 23-July 7. Occupation of Middle Tennessee till August 16. Passage of the Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River and Chickamauga (Ga.) Campaign August 16-September 22. Battle of Chickamauga September 19-20. Mission Ridge September 22. Before Chattanooga September 22-26. Siege of Chattanooga September 26-November 23. Assigned to Provost duty at Chattanooga November 8. Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign November 23-27. Mission Ridge November 25. On Provost duty at Chattanooga, Tenn., till September, 1864. At Tullahoma September 28 to October 2. Return to Chattanooga, Tenn., October 15, and Provost duty there till September, 1865. Mustered out September 14, 1865.

Regiment lost during service 4 Officers and 76 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 9 Officers and 220 Enlisted men by disease. Total 309.

SOURCE: Dyer , Frederick H., A Compendium Of The War Of The Rebellion, Part 3, p. 1136

The reason that the Federal Flotilla in the Mississippi . . .

. . . does not push the assault upon Fort Pillow more vigorously is doubtless because a Federal victory is speedily expected at Corinth, in which case all the forts on the Mississippi, and Memphis, would speedily fall into our hands.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

Bravery of Gen. Lauman

The correspondent of the World gives the following account of the heroic conduct of Gen. [Lauman] and his Brigade on the eventful 6th of April:


ATTACK ON OUR LEFT FLANK.

On the right the enemy were repulsed three [sic] several times by Sherman and McClernand, who in turn were forced back also. About noon the enemy abandoned our centre – Gen. Hurlbut never having budged an inch before him – and flung himself in force upon our left in command of Col. David Stewart, acting Brigadier General of the Douglas Brigade. They were outnumbered and over powered, and fell back.

Gen. Hurlbut then advanced Gen. Lauman’s brigade to the left, also a battery of artillery, and the enemy pressed on to the attack. Gen. Lauman’s brigade, composed at the time of only seventeen hundred men, bravely and firmly received and withstood the shock, and returned the enemy’s fire with slaughterous effect. Gen. Hurlbut informed Gen. Grant that He must have reinforcements, and was informed that none could be spared for him.


GALLANT CHARGE OF THE FOURTY-FOURTH INDIANA.

Having but ten rounds of ammunition left, Gen. Lauman advised the Forty-fourth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, which by this time was reduced to less than three hundred men, to advance upon the enemy. This order is deserving of italics and immortality. It was the most daring and adroit piece of strategy of the battle. To hold the position was impossible, to retreat was to be destroyed and, in addition, to lose the batteries at the landing about a mile in the rear. This critical situation Gen. Lauman saw and comprehended. It was a situation to unnerve even a cool man. As I stood upon the spot, the thrilling scene passing before my imagination, I shuddered from head to foot. And Gen. Hurlbut is said to have exclaimed at the spectacle of this three hundred marching coolly into the face of fifteen regiments, “a gallant but rash movement!” expecting to see the little band literally wiped out.

The poor fellows saw the peril of the step they were about to take, and for an instant hesitated. It was but for an instant. Maj. Albert Heath, one of the staff officers, seized the regimental colors and advanced to within two hundred yards of the [enemy] crying, “Remember Buena Vista!” and with a storm of huzzas, the gallant fellows obeyed, made a line at their flag, and charged upon the enemy, who fled in dismay. Ten thousand fled in dismay before three hundred. The enemy imagined a powerful force behind them. After expending the tenth and last cartridge, Gen. Lauman quietly and orderly withdrew his troops one mile, when he formed again, and after a two hours’ fight, again repulsed the enemy, who outnumbered him at least three to one. – By this time darkness put a period to the hostilities, Sherman and McClernand having maintained their original position.

Third Brigade, Gen. Lauman, went in with 1,727. – Killed, 78; wounded 378; missing 16. Total, 472

It fought 15,000 of the enemy five hours, and retreated with such fine strategy as to completely baffle and confound the enemy.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

Deaths in Keokuk Post Hospital

April 26, J. W. Chapman, Co. _ 8th Ohio.
April 20, Josiah Harris, Co. A, 13th Iowa.
April 20, Patrick Kennedy, Co. G, 12th Illinois.
April 20, Almond Webster, Co. E, 16th Wis.
April 20, Wm. Arnold, Co. G, 48th Ills.
April 20, Geo. J. Miller, Co. E, 16th Wis.

Friends of the deceased are referred to V. T. Perkins, undertaker.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1

Deceased Iowa Soldiers

AT NASHVILLE.

Stephen Dyrait, private, 15th Iowa, company E, March 23d.


AT CINCINNATI.

Fourth Street Hospital. - A. J. Edwards, co. C 13th Iowa, died April 20th, of a gunshot wound in the lungs.

St. John’s Hospital. – John Luellen, Co. I, 2nd Iowa, died April 19th of a gunshot wound and amputation below the knee; John Hall, Co. C, 13th Iowa, died April 20th, of a gunshot wound and amputation in thigh.


AT ST. LOUIS.

Henry Kirk White, Corporal, Co. G, 2d; John Coffman, Co. K, 15th; Wm. Butler, Corporal, Co. E, 16th; John H. Talbot, co. H, 3d; Selden E. Kirkpatrick, co. E, 2d; Andrew Slatten, co D, 2d; Thomas B. Jones, co. C, 6th; Thomas Sosebee, co. F, 13th; Thomas McKnough, co I, 11th.


AT KEOKUK POST HOSPITAL.

Patrick Looby, co. K, 11th, April 24th.


AT SIMON’S GENERAL HOSPITAL, MOUND CITY.

April 15 – Joseph Hill, Co. G. 3d Iowa.
April 15 – W. Simmons, Co. E, 11th Iowa.
April 12 – Jacob Moore, Co. B, 3d Iowa.
April 18 – H. Layman, Co K, 14th Iowa.
April 19 – Henry Ross, Co. I, 14th Iowa.
April 14 – Dan’l Burkley, Co. I, 15th Iowa.
April 21 – Stephen Cousins, Co. A, 3d Iowa.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 3, 1862, p. 1