Spirit of the Rebel Press

CAIRO, April 1.

F. B. Wilkie, of the New York Times, who accompanied the expedition to Union City, returned this evening with copies of the Memphis Appeal of the 27th, and the Charleston Mercury of the 22d, from which we condense the following intelligence:

President Davis, in secret session, had advised the Confederate Congress, that the prisoners released by the Yankee Government upon parole be absolved from their oath and allowed to take part in the approaching struggle for independence.  He urged it as a retaliation for the infamous and reckless breach of faith exhibited by Lincoln in the exchange of prisoners.

Attempts are being made to raise troops by conscription.  Editors and compositors are not to be enrolled, except for local duty.

The New Orleans Delta of the 26th, referring to the gallantry exhibited by Capt. Rucker in the defense of the battery at Island No. 10, says that one single battery has thus far sustained the brunt of the bombardment, repulsing the Federal gunboats and sending one of them back to Cairo crippled, for repairs.

The Appeal says the recent reverses on the Confederate army are nerving them with new faith and confidence in the hope and that it entertains no doubt of ultimate success.  Also that Gens. Van Dorn and Jeff Thompson are concentrating large forces at Pocahontas, Arkansas, preparatory to an attack upon the Federals at New Madrid, and that Gen. Pope will be compelled to evacuate.

No damage had been done to Island No. 10 up to Wednesday, but the Confederates had sunk two Federal gunboats.

The works at Fort Pillow were completed.  General Pope was building flatboats at New Madrid to transport his troops across the river to the Tennessee shore.

In Mississippi planters were piling up their cotton for fire and fagot.  Gen. Pillow has gone to Richmond.

A dispatch from New Orleans, dated March 26th states that the Confederate steamer Vanderbilt had foundered at sea with all on board.  The Appeal is issued on a half sheet.

The Mercury, in view of the scarcity of lead, suggests that linings of tea chests be melted and run into bullets.

The ladies of Charleston are contributing jewels, silver spoons, watches, and money to build a gunboat to be called the “Ladies Gunboat.”

The Mercury and Appeal contain extensive extracts from Northern papers, but no important military news.

The Conestoga arrived from Island No. 10 this evening, and reports no change in affairs there.  The mortars fire every half hour eliciting no response.

A rebel mail captured yesterday at Union City, contains letters from the Confederate troops at the Island representing the forces there as disheartened and dispirited.  There is nothing from Gen. Grant’s column.  The river is falling.

Today forty or fifty rebel soldiers came into Hickman and gave up their arms, and desired to return allegiance and join the federal army.

They were a portion of those who escaped from Union City yesterday.  They report that large numbers of rebel troops are also disposed to yield.

– Published in the Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, April 12, 1862, p. 4

From New Madrid

NEW MADRID, April 4. – A severe storm passed over camp this forenoon, and during its continuance we heard nothing of artillery practice at Island No. 10.

This afternoon the shower had passed, and the roar of the mortars is heard continually.  A furious bombardment is progressing; the peculiar rolling roar of the mortars reverberates across the country to the camp like the artillery of heaven.

The entire army will be paid off this week. – The Paymaster, escorted by two companies of cavalry, arrived to-day from Birkestown with the necessary funds.

The promulgation of Gen. Pope’s order relative to depredations upon the telegraph is creating the [liveliest] satisfaction.  The General means business, and holds the inhabitants individually responsible for the safety of the line.

A teamster who has just returned from Commerce, reports that S. G. Ritchen, the well known Colonel of the rebel Thompson’s band of thieves is in the swamps back of that post, with a squadron of rebel cavalry estimated at 200, and that fears are entertained that the Union men in that vicinity will be subjected to fresh persecutions.

Another report is current this evening that Jeff Thompson has assembled a force of considerable strength at Holand’s Island, at the terminus of the plank road extending westward from Point Pleasant, about 12 miles from this camp.  His position is represented by scouts as exceedingly strong and his defences so arranged that with an insignificant force he can withstand almost any army we can bring against him.

On Board the U. S. Gunboat Carondolet,

New Madrid, April 5.

At last the blockade is passed – the gauntlet is run – the navigation of the Mississippi is proved possible in spite of rebel guns and rebel fortifications.  The U. S. gunboat Carondolet, Capt. H. Walker, arrived this morning, at one o’clock having passed the fortifications of Island No. 10 and the batteries upon the main land opposite, and now lies safely moored to the shore under the guns of the upper fort at New Madrid.

The Carondolet left the fleet last evening at 10 o’clock, during a terrific thunder storm, and having taken barge in tow, laden with hay and coal to serve as protection from the enemy’s balls, extinguished her lights, put on steam and rapidly sailed down the river.  The first intimation the rebels had of the attempt to run the blockade, was the fire which issued from the burning chimney of the gunboat, and immediately thereafter it was greeted with a shower of balls from the infantry stationed at the upper battery – the same which was so effectually spiked a few days since by Col. Roberts.

A signal rocket was then sent up.  In an instant the entire line of batteries were a flame.  Four batteries on the Kentucky shore and one on the point of the Island fired in quick succession, but the Carondelet passed them all in safety, and unmindful of the leaden and iron shower which fell around, passed through the fiery ordeal unharmed, not a man injured, and excepting musket balls which struck the iron plated sides of the gunboat she was untouched.

The floating battery is located three miles below the Island, and bestowed a parting shower of blazing compliments as the Carondelet glided quietly by.

The Hollings’s Ram Manassas did not appear.

Officers and men acquitted themselves with admirable courage and fidelity.  During the intense darkness the officers could not make an extensive and satisfactory reconnoissance of the batteries, but the enemy probably did his best.  The fire was tremendous.

Mr. O. T. Fishback, of the Missouri Democrat, was on the Carondelet, while running the blockade, and to him we are mainly indebted for the above particulars.

NEW MADRID, April 5, 5½ P. M. – Mr. Scott, Assistant Secretary of War visited the Carondolet to-day with Gen. Pope, to congratulate Capt. Walker upon the achievement in running the blockade.  The Capt. visited Camp Donald and was escorted back to the gunboat by a company of cavalry.

There is nothing further from the fleet since the Carondelet ran the blockade.  Nothing has transpired, so far as we can learn, as to the damage the cannonading has already caused.

Prof. Steiner arrived this evening with his balloon to make a reconnoissanse of the enemy’s position along the river.

The Government Telegraph between this camp and Cairo is now in operation.

The steamer J. C. Cowan arrived to-day from St. Louis, bring two batteries of artillery.

– Published in the Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, April 12, 1862, p. 4

Particulars of the Surrender at Island No. 10

CAIRO, April 8, 8 p.m. – I have been able to gather a few more particulars from Island No. 10.  Four hundred and seventy-eight prisoners, including seventeen officers, seventy pieces of artillery, a large amount of ammunition, muskets and small arms, were captured on the Island.  It is said our mortar shells proved very destructive; wherever they struck and exploded, great execution was made in the earth.

It is reported that the Confederates had become perfectly demoralized; in many cases entire regiments would refuse to obey orders. – Much ill feeling prevailed among the officers and none, including the soldiers, had any confidence in their commanding officer.

No farther information has been obtained in reference to the number of prisoners captured on the Tennessee shore, and it will be impossible to get anything further before morning.

Much excitement prevails here over the news of the battle at Pittsburgh.  It is regarded as most fortunate that Gen. Buell came up as he did, with one Division to reinforce Gen. Grant.  It evidently was the expectation of Beauregard to fight the battle before Gen. Buell could form a junction with Gen. Grant.

We hope to get further particulars to-morrow.

At one o’clock, last night a boat came to the flag-ship with a messenger carrying a letter from the commanding officer at Island No. 10 to Flag Officer Foote, proposing capitulation for the surrender of the Island.  Flag Officer Foot replied that he would accept no other terms than an unconditional surrender.  At one o’clock this morning the enemy surrendered unconditionally to Com. Foote.  Several transports and it is supposed one or two gunboats, the celebrated floating battery, cannon, ammunition and stores have thus fallen into our hands.  Too much praise cannot be awarded to the Flag Officer and the gallant officers under his command for this brilliant achievement in capturing the Gibraltar of the Mississippi river, without the loss of a single life.  We have no information at this time as to details, but it is supposed that most of the rebel troops on the Tennessee shore have effected their escape.  It is supposed they commenced leaving soon after the Carondolet succeeded in turning their batteries, as that destroyed all hope of their maintaining their position.  Fleet Captain Hennock, who has achieved wonders in fitting out and repairing gunboats and transports, and furnishing supplies to the fleet, ahs reason to believe that our mortars did terrible execution among the rebels.  It is reported that Gen. Pope had 18,000 troops across the river from New Madrid last night, ready to march and bag the enemy but is believe that he was too late.

Boats commenced running to New Madrid to-day.  The river has fallen four feet within the last two days, greatly facilitating the operations of Gen. Pope opposite New Madrid.

Hon. Jesse Dubois is here en route for the Upper Tennessee.

Hon. Emerson Etheridge has telegraphed to three hundred citizens of Bourbon county, Tennessee, driven out by the rebel troops, to come down and return with him.  They will probably leave to-morrow.

Reliable reports from Jeff. Thompson a week ago place him in the swamps, some eighty miles from here, with a few hundred marauders.  Several men who have heretofore been in his army from the vicinity of Charleston, eight miles from here, in Missouri, have petitioned Gen. Strong for privilege to take the oath and return to their allegiance.  The General authorized the County Clerk, a good Union man, to take and administer the oath.

Dr. Simpson, of the Medical Department leaves this evening for the Tennessee with two large hospital boats most completely fitted out under direction of J. E. Yeatman, Esq., of the St. Louis Sanitary Commission.  They contain 800 beds for the wounded.  The hospitals here have accommodations for 1,400.

Dispatches from New Madrid have been received.  The gunboats Carondelet and Pittsburg, yesterday morning shelled and silenced the batteries on the opposite shore, when Gen. Pope ordered the troops across.  It was effected without loss.

The rebels fled towards Lisbon sinking several of their transports, among others the Grampus.

The floating battery of the rebels, mounting ten guns, drifted down last night, and is aground near Point Pleasant.  It will be recovered with its armament.

The Belle West covered Gen. Paine in the advance on the batteries.

Gen. Pope at once took the Pittsburg and Carondelet, and with a part of his army, turned to and attacked the enemy this morning, and took 2,000 prisoners, mostly from Arkansas and Louisiana.  He will probably get as many more before night.

The rebels fled to the swamps in great consternation.

The victory is complete and decisive.  Great quantities of stores, cannon, and ammunition have fallen into our hands.  All their baggage and supplies are taken.

Gen. McCall, of the rebel Adjutant General’s department, is a prisoner.

The country between New Madrid and Island No. 10, on the east side of the river, is being scoured by our troops.  Many prisoners will doubtless be taken there.

Gen. Bissell, with his transports, is ordered down to Tipton by Gen. Pope, which is twelve miles below New Madrid, to bring cannon and other property up to New Madrid.

Divisions of our army are pursuing the fleeing rebels in all directions.  Their entire force at and about Island No. 10, is either taken prisoners or utterly routed and demoralized.

Hon. Emerson Etheridge has just arrived from Paducah.  To him the news of our success is especially gratifying.  His residence is thirty-five miles south of Hickman.  Gen. Strong will send an escort with him to his home to insure his safety.  Thousands of his former friends will great his arrival with a glorious welcome.

– Published in the Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, April 12, 1862, p. 3

From Dixie

CHICAGO, March 25. – The Tribune’s Special from Cairo says that a gentleman just from Memphis brings the following information:

Memphis is in a state of agitation and terror.  The Fair grounds are for a camp, every one capable of bearing arms being impressed into the service.  Men are even dragged from their beds.

The proclamation of the Mayor in regard to burning the city has no influence.  The majority of the Aldermen, in connection with the leading military officers, decided at a meeting held a fortnight ago, to burn the city when they evacuate in spite of the mayor.

There are no fortifications at Memphis.  The news of the battle of Pea Ridge caused great depression.  Federal gunboats expected daily. – Two hundred and five Union prisoners in the city, who are made victims of much abuse at the hands of the guards.  One of them was shot at for looking out of a window.  Three gun boats are on the way at Memphis, but it will take a long time to finish.

At Randolph only four guns are mounted, but at Ft. Pillow, however, there is a strong fortification, mounting 25 sixty-fours and thirty-twos.  There are about 7000 troops there.  At Union City there are only 450 troops.

Gens. Beauregard, Cheatham, Polk and Clark went to Corinth, Mississippi, a fortnight ago. – The rebels have a force of 38,000 men there and expect to make a stand either at Corinth or below.  It was the general impression that this battle would be the decisive one of the campaign, and that the fortunes of the South would hang upon its result.

At Memphis and other large points, even at New Orleans, considerable Union feeling prevails.  Southern papers do not represent the feelings of the mass of people.  They as well as everything else are under control of politicians and the military.

At New Orleans thirteen gunboats are on the ways to be plated with railroad iron.

Fort Pike represented to be in our possession was only a temporary structure mounting only three or four guns.

The report that the South is well supplied with provisions is absurd; they have not stock enough on hand to last three months.  Clothing, shoes, &c., are all very difficult to obtain.  No confidence is felt in southern currency, southern politicians or southern military leaders.  Jeff. Davis was universally denounced as incompetent.  Floyd is everywhere considered an arrant knave.

Mr[s]. Buckner had arrived at Memphis.  She complained of not being allowed to go further north than Cairo.  In the parlor of the Gaiso House she attracted the universal attention by her bitter denunciation of Pillow and Floyd.  The former is reported to have said that he would shoot Floyd whenever he met him.

It was the general opinion at Memphis that no stand would be made at Island No. 10, but that a battle would be risked at Fort Pillow. – At the latter place, however, retreat is cut off by land, as the country in the rear is inundated and swampy.

A detachment from Jeff Thompson’s band under the command of rebel Kithen made a demonstration in the vicinity of Bloomfield, Stoddard Co., Missouri, (about 12 miles north of the Cairo & Fulton Railroad) and succeeded in arresting two ladies residing there – the wife of Lieutenant McCall of Powell’s battery and Mrs. D. Basfort, of Bloomfield.  The ladies have been taken to Commerce Island, seventy miles below Bloomfield, near Arkansas, where Jeff’s camp is located.

Col. Michael Foley, of the 18th Illinois, who was wounded at Benton Barracks, arrived to-day en route for Pittsburg.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, March 29, 1862, p. 4

Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant to Mary Frances Grant, January 23, 1862

Cairo,

Jan. 23d. 1862. 

Dear Sister:

YOU have seen through the papers notice of my return from the great expedition into Kentucky. My orders were such and the force with me also so small that no attack was allowable. I made good use of the time however, making a splendid reconnoissance of the country over which an army may have to move. I have now a larger force than General Scott ever commanded prior to our present difficulties. I do hope it will be my good fortune to retain so important a command for at least one battle. I believe there is no portion of our whole army better prepared to contest a battle than there is within my district, and I am very much mistaken if I have not got the confidence of officers and men. This is all important, especially so with new troops. I go tonight to St. Louis to see General Halleck; will be back on Sunday morning. I expect but little quiet from this on and if you receive but short, unsatisfactory letters hereafter you need not be surprised.

Your letter asking me to intercede in behalf of Lieut. Jones was received. I have no one of equal rank now to offer in exchange, unless it should be some one of Jeff Thompson's command, but if it should fall in my power to effect Lieutenant Jones’ release, I shall be most happy to do so. Write to me giving the first name, where he now is, when taken and under what circumstances.

I think you may look for Julia and the children about the 1st of February.

As I said before the three oldest will be left to go to school. Jess is too small. You will like him the best of any of the children, although he is the worst. I expect he will whip his Aunt Mary the first day. Buck, though never really sick, is very delicate. He is the best child I ever saw and is smart.

Give my love to all at home. I must close.

Brother Ulys.

SOURCE:  Jesse Grant Cramer, Editor, Letters of Ulysses S. Grant to His Father and His Youngest Sister, 1857-78, p. 77-9

The Columbus Mystery

Correspondence of the Cincinnati Gazette, Saturday.

The public are rather curious about the negotiations which preceded the evacuation of Columbus.  It will be remembered that an expedition of gunboats and troops went down for a reconnoissance in force.  As it came nearly in range with Columbus, a flag of truce came out, and the expedition returned.  Ten days after an imposing force of gunboats, mortar boats and transports went down to attack the place and after considerable maneuvering, finally ascertained that the birds had flown.

The letter of our correspondent at that place shows that they were ready to take a panic if our gunboats opened fire.  It seems that our Generals were regularly sold, and that the Confederates were negotiating to gain time for destroying the property and decamping.  The reply of Gen. Grant to Buckner’s proposition to negotiate is better.

CAIRO, ILL., March 6, 1862.

The loyal people of the North are so much gratified over the news of this evacuation of Columbus by the rebels and its occupation by our troops, that they do not stop to inquire into the character of the generalship that permitted 20,000 men to make good their escape, and to effect the removal of all their stores, ammunition and arms.

A hundred different circumstances combine to prove that the military authorities of this department knew little of the rebel position at the “Gibraltar of America.”  The gunboats reconnoitered the place six or seven times, yet at the last reconnoissance Commodore Foote was scarcely able to determine the position of the water battery, even after four shots had been fired from it.  The only “information” with respect to the strength of the enemy was brought here by a set of lawless fellows – a disgrace to the army – styled the Jessie Scouts.  I think I can safely assert that not one of the Scouts was ever within five miles of Columbus, consequently they brought to headquarters nothing but the basest fabrications, and these were always taken at par.  As an illustration of the reliability of the scouts: They returned from an expedition down the river about four weeks ago and reported through their captain that they had had a conference with Jeff. Thompson, in the camp at Columbus, and that he had given them valuable information, which they went on to detail to the commanding officer here.

We have since learned from the records at Columbus that Jeff. Thompson had not been in Columbus for four weeks previous to the date of the pretended visit of the Jessie scouts.  The department occasionally get[s] in possession of a Memphis paper, and read blatant articles about the ponderous earthworks and heavy cannon, until the Generals in command actually became believers in the impregnability of Columbus. – The fortifications were strong – perhaps stronger than any others in the South – but they were injudiciously constructed, and could not have stood an hour’s bombardment by the gun boats and mortar fleet.  The water battery stood out in such relief from the bluff that a well directed mortar shell would have buried it under a hundred tons of earth from above.  There were no casemates to protect the artillery from the galling fire of seven gun boats; and how long could men, unsheltered, have stood a continuous hail from twenty-one guns, throwing eight-inch shell.

The truth of the matter is, that the rebels covered their retreat by the flag of truce which they first presented to Commodore Foote on the 23rd ult.  On that date they were in full force – 20,000.  On the following Tuesday they commenced the work of evacuation, which they continued during the week, while the negotiations were still pending.  On Sunday, March 2, the white flag treaty was concluded, and on that day the last remnant of the rebels left the camp. – Had they been attacked two weeks ago, they would have surrendered, or, if not, would have beat a hasty retreat, leaving everything behind them.  This I have from an intelligent citizen of Columbus, who was well acquainted with their every movement.  As it is, they carried off all their store, ammunition and small arms.  The few heavy guns they left behind them are spiked and not worth “drilling” for future use, being made of cast iron – Memphis and New Orleans manufacture.

Commodore Foote was opposed to giving the rebels any chance to leave Columbus.  He wanted to shell them into a surrender, and he felt confident of his ability to do so, with the gunboats and eight mortars.  He gave way, however, to the “admonitions” of Gen. Cullum and others, and the result has been what may be called a strategic triumph for the rebel cause. – Gen. Polk knew full well that the Southern Confederacy’s downfall would follow hard upon the defeat of the Southern arms at Columbus, hence the cunningly devised evacuation, carried on while our Generals were soberly musing over the flag of truce.  The rebels knew that they had to fall at Columbus, and it was their policy to fall as easily as possible.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, March 15, 1862, p. 1

CHICAGO, April 9 [1862].

The Tribune’s special from Cairo, of the 8^th says:

Boats commenced running to New Madrid to-day.  The river has fallen four feet within the last two days, greatly facilitating the operations of Gen. Pope opposite New Madrid.

H. Jesse K. Dubois is here, en route for the upper Tennessee.

Hon. Emerson Etheridge has telegraphed to three hundred citizens of Bourbon county, Tenn., driven out by the rebel troops, to come down and return with him.  They will probably leave to-morrow.

Reliable reports from Jeff. Thompson a week ago, place him in the swamps some eighty miles from here, with a few hundred marauders.  Several men who have heretofore been in his army, from the vicinity of Charleston, twelve miles from here, in Missouri, have petitioned Gen. Strong for privilege to take the oath and return to their allegiance.  The general authorized the county clerk, a good Union man, to take bonds and administer the oath.

Dr. Simons, medical director, leaves this evening for the Tennessee with two large hospital boats, most completely fitted out under the direction of J. E. Yeatman, of the St. Louis Sanitary Commission.  They contain eight hundred beds for the wounded.  The hospitals here have accommodations for 1,400.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Thursday Morning, April 10, 1862, p. 2

From Island No 10

Special to the Chicago Times.

CAIRO, April 6.

The most exciting event of the siege occurred on Friday night.  At ten o’clock P. M. the gunboat Carondelet, under command of Capt. Walker ran the blockade, and escaped safely the fire of the enemy’s batteries, arriving at New Madrid at daybreak.  She was prepared for the event by mooring alongside on the side towards the batteries, a barge loaded with bales of hay, which were so arranged as to protect her from shot.  The night was excessively dark and stormy.  The sky became overcast at about 10 o’clock, and a storm of wind and rain arose, accompanied with vivid and incessant lightning.  The wind was not very strong but the darkness and the lightning were intense.

The Carondelet passed the first battery before she was discovered.  The second opened upon her as soon as its guns could be brought to bear, but owing to the darkness, and the speed with which she moved, the fire was totally harmless.

The 3d battery concentrated its fire upon her, but not a shot struck the boat. – The effect of the vivid lightning was blinding to the gunners, and the speed of her movements rendered an aim extremely difficult.  She continued her course unchecked, and ran by the fourth and fifth batteries with the same fortunate result.  Fifty-three shots were fired at her, but not one struck her.

The battery on the head of the Island was the most formidable, but none of its guns took effect.

About three miles below the Island the rebel floating battery opened on her and delivered its fire as long as she continued within range, but not a single shot took effect.  However, a continuous fire of musketry was kept up from the shore, and many bullets struck the boat, but all hands were below, and nobody was hit. – This fire is described as very hot.  All the troops on the line of the shore poured in their fire as fast as they could load and discharge.

The Carondelet did not discharge a gun during the entire passage.  She pursued her way in silence, and with ports closed.  She passed the last battery about an hour after she left the fleet.  The cannonading was distinctly audible, and all awaited with intense anxiety for her signal of safety and success.  It came finally in the form of three guns, fired at intervals of five minutes, followed by a repetition of the same after a lapse of ten minutes.  The sound of the signal was received with wild enthusiasm throughout the fleet, and shouts went up which waked the echoes of the night.  The success of the attempt was thus established, and the details were looked for with the greatest interest.

Yesterday Col. Phelps returned and communicated the cheering fact that the Carondelet was uninjured, and is now safely moored at New Madrid.  She laid by after running by the batteries, and waited for daylight for fear of our batteries at New Madrid, which, not knowing what she was, would have fired into her.  She was received at New Madrid with the greatest rejoicing, and congratulations were tendered to her brave officers for their successful achievement.

Gen. Pope and Mr. Scott, assistant secretary of war, visited Capt. Walker on board his boat, and escorted him ashore where he was received at headquarters with many cheers.  The sailors were welcomed with extravagant demonstrations.

Exciting news may be expected soon.  The enemy seem to be very much irritated at the various successes that have attended our cause within the past week.  The spiking of the guns of the upper battery has not been removed.  The battery seems to be effectually silenced, though they were engaged in mounting a new gun at that place yesterday.  A sharp firing was kept up all day yesterday, to which the rebels replied vigorously, showing their irritation.  The Benton succeeded in lodging a shell in the rebel steamer Izel, causing her to run hastily under cover of the island.

Their wharf boat was also dislodged, and sent down stream.

Four or five shells from one of the mortar boats exploded in the midst of their upper encampment.

Heavy cannonading has been heard all day in the direction of New Madrid, indicating that the Carondelet has not failed to find plenty of work.

Of Gen. Pope’s movements we have no news.

Our mortar boats are firing occasionally to-day, but get no response from the enemy.

6 P. M. – very heavy firing continues to be heard in the direction of New Madrid.  It is thought that the Carondelet is engaged with some rebel gunboats.  From one to eight heavy reports are heard per minute.  Whatever the occasion, the engagement at this writing is a desperate one.

Official dispatches have been received by the flag officer, announcing that the Carondelet escaped the rebel batteries uninjured.

A single musket ball struck the rail, but otherwise she was untouched.  Her escape is attributable to the fact that she hugged the shore of the island closely.

It was impossible for the rebels to depress their guns sufficiently to hit her.

There is a great rejoicing throughout the fleet at her signal escape.

Special to Tribune.

NEW MADRID, April 4.

A severe storm passed over camp this A. M., and during its continuance, we heard nothing of artillery practice at Island No. 10.

This afternoon the roar of the mortars is heard continually.  A furious bombardment is progressing.

The entire army will be paid off this week.  The paymaster escorted by two companies of cavalry arrived to-day from Sikeston with the necessary funds.

A teamster who has just returned from Commerce, reports that S. G. Kitchen of the rebel Thompson’s band of thieves is in the swamps back of that post, with a squadron of rebel cavalry, estimated at 200, and that fears are entertained that Union men in the vicinity will be subjected to fresh persecutions.

Another report is current this evening that Jeff. Thompson has assembled a force of considerable strength at Holcomb’s Island at the terminus of the blank road extending westward form Point Pleasant, about twelve miles from this camp.  His position is represented by scouts as exceedingly strong, and his defenses are so arranged that with insignificant force he can withstand almost any army we can bring against him.

The entire country hereabouts is strongly secession.  The women are particularly violent, and denounce the army and Government in unmeasured terms.  The men from motives of prudence keep quiet tongues in their heads.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Tuesday Morning, April 8, 1862, p. 2

From The 2d Iowa Cavalry

CAMP NEW MADRID,

Mo., March 26, 1862.

ED. GAZETTE.– Though time is swiftly  passing, we remain quietly encamped here, Island No. 10, has put a temporary embargo on our movements for the present.  It is a formidable point, and as the retreat of the rebels is entirely cut off by our occupation of this point, they are making a desperate stand there.  There had been no firing at the Island for a few days past until yesterday.  A movement has been and now is in progress, that when completed will show them a “Yankee trick.”  *  *  *

Jeff. Thomson [sic] yet lingers around in a swamp south-west of here.  Last week he carried off from Bloomfield (between here and Cape Girardeau,) the wife of Jos. Mitchell, formerly of Muscatine, who is now a Lieut. in Powell’s Illinois Artillery.

The regular expeditions sent out from time to time to capture “Jeff.” Don’t amount to anything; about the time they get where “Jeff.” Was, they are ordered to return.  If some squad were sent out to take time it would be done.

A mail is run from here to Cairo.  I receive the GAZETTE regularly; sometimes the next day after issued, which is quick considering we are sixty miles from Cairo.  Chicago, St. Louis and Cincinnati dailies are abundant at one dime each.  Yesterday the telegraph was completed from Cairo here.

The weather is fine and warm and spring fever has broken out and is beginning to assume an “epidemic” form.  Corn is plenty, but hay or fodder very scarce.  Forage trains have to go fifteen or twenty miles down the river to obtain any.

The remaining inhabitants through the country, say they were told when the “Yankees” came they would overrun the country, rob, murder, burn, steal, ravish and destroy.  Many were induced to flee the country on our approach to avoid these horrors.  They are being very agreeably undeceived, finding that from rebels only they had to fear – while from the first approach of Union troops into a section, a feeling of peace and security is experienced.  Could all parts of the ignorant, deceived South witness the presence of Union troops to disprove the lies of their rebellious leaders.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Tuesday Morning, April 1, 1862, p. 2

Rough Notes By The Way

CAMP ON THE ROAD TO NEW MADRID,

8 miles from Charleston, Mo,

March 6th, 1862.

FRIEND SANDERS: The 1^st and 2d battalions of the 2^nd Iowa cavalry, left Bird’s Point on the 4^th, and finding themselves surrounded by the high water, were, after some delay, transported by steamboats five miles up the river above the sloughs.  The rear did not arrive until 11 o’clock p.m., and camped at the landing for the night.  Left camp at 7 a. m. yesterday (5^th) and passed through Charleston about noon.  We found Maj. Love and the 3d battalion camped in the town, having arrived the day previous.  They had taken possession of a printing office, and were getting out a paper.  Having obtained a copy of the proof sheet, I send it to you as a specimen of the first attempt of the 2^nd Cavalry.  As soon as the train came up, the 1^st and 2d battalions moved forward and camped as above.

The country from Charleston here is very fine, more level than Iowa; principally timber land, but occasionally some small prairies.  The soil is very sandy, but produces the biggest kind of corn, having noticed several stalks standing not less than twenty feet high.  The country is full of corn, cribs full, and a great deal standing in the fields.

We are camped in a fine settlement.  On one side of the road is a fine brick house: secesh away, and a substitute in charge.  No one from the command is allowed to enter the premises.  On the opposite side is a good house, with Union inhabitants.

The 10^th Iowa were at Charleston and a few miles this side.  This morning, as we were preparing to star, a dispatch came with orders to halt here until further orders.  So, here we are.  Orders may come to go forward, or to return; we hope the former, but are ready for orders.  We are expecting a provision train every hour, being now “out,” and when it returns will mail this and anything further that may transpire.  We are isolated from the world here.  We hear a report of a fight and a victory at Manassas.  Hope it’s true, and more soon to follow.  Weather very cold.

March 8^th. -  Left camp yesterday morning at 10 a.m. and taking the “back track” part way, arrived here at Bertrand, the town we visited last Saturday, after Jeff Thompson.  All was quiet here then; but there is now at least five thousand troops here – two regiments of cavalry[,] there is an impassible swamp a few miles ahead, but a column is forming here.  Gen. Pope’s command is within three miles of New Madrid, where the rebels are in full force.  It is reported that they threw a shell yesterday into Gen. Pope’s camp.  Distance from here to New Madrid thirty-five miles.  This column will move in a day or two, and join Gen. Pope.  If the rebels don’t “skedaddle” look out for another haul.  I received at this place two Gazettes, the only news for three whole days.  Mail to Cairo, until further notice – weather fine.

In haste, yours,

DIFF.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Thursday Morning, March 13, 1862, p. 2

The Columbus Mystery

Explanation of the Truce Flags.

HOW 20,000 REBELS WERE PERMITTED TO ESCAPE.

From the Cincinnati Gazette, Saturday.

The public are rather curious about the negotiations which preceded the evacuation of Columbus.  It will be remembered that an expedition of gunboats and troops went down for a reconnoissance in force.  As it came nearly in range with Columbus, a flag of truce came out, and the expedition returned.  Ten days after, an imposing force of gunboats, mortar boats and transports went down to attack the place, and after considerable maneuvering, finally ascertained that the birds had flown.

The letter of our correspondent at that place shows that they were ready to take a panic of our gunboats opened fire.  It seems that our Generals were regularly sold, and that the Confederates were negotiating to gain time for destroying the property and decamping.  The reply of Gen. Grant to Buckner’s proposition to negotiate is better.

Correspondence of the Cincinnati Gazette.

CAIRO, Ill., March 6, 1862.

The loyal people of the north are so much gratified over the news of the evacuation of Columbus, by the rebels, and its occupation by our troops, that they do not stop to inquire into the character of the generalship that permitted 20,000 men to make good their escape, and to effect the removal of all their stores, ammunition and arms.

A hundred different circumstances combine to prove that the military authorities of this department knew little of the rebel position at the “Gibraltar of America.” – The gunboats reconnoitered the place six or seven times, yet at the last reconnaissance Commodore Foote was scarcely able to determine the position of the water battery, even after four shots had been fired from it.  The only “information” with respect to the strength of the enemy was brought here by a set of lawless fellows – a disgrace to the army – styled the Jessie Scouts.

I think I can safely assert that not one of the scouts was ever within five miles of Columbus, consequently they brought to headquarters noting but the basest fabrications, and all these were always taken at par.  As an illustration of the reliability of the scouts: They returned from an expedition down the river about four weeks ago, and reported through their captain that they had a conference with Jeff. Thompson in the camp at Columbus, and that he had given them valuable information, which they went on to detail to the commanding officer here.  We have since learned from the records at Columbus that Jeff. Thompson had not been in Columbus for four weeks previous to the date of the pretended visit of the Jessie scouts.  The department occasionally get in possession of a Memphis paper, and read blatant articles about the ponderous earthworks and heavy cannon, until the Generals in command actually became believers in the impregnability of Columbus.  The fortifications were strong – perhaps stronger than any others in the South – but they were injudiciously constructed, and could not have stood an hour’s bombardment by the gunboats and mortar fleet.  The water battery stood out in such relief from the bluff that a well directed mortar shell would have buried it under a hundred tons of earth from above.  There were no casements to protect the artillery from the galling fire of seven gunboats; and how long could men, unsheltered, have stood a continuous hail from twenty-one guns throwing eight inch shell.

The truth of the matter is, that the rebels covered their retreat by the flag of truce which they first presented to Commodore Foote on the 23d ult.  On that date they were in full force – 20,000.  On the following Tuesday they commenced the work of evacuation, which they continued during the week, while the negotiations were still pending.  On Sunday, March 2d, the white flag treaty was concluded, and on that day the last remnant of the rebels left the camp.  Had they been attacked two weeks ago they would have surrendered, or, if not, would have beat a hasty retreat, leaving every thing behind them.  This I have from an intelligent citizen of Columbus, who was well acquainted with every movement.  As it is, they carried off all their stores, ammunition and small arms.  The few heavy guns they left behind them are spiked, and not worth “drilling” for future use, being made of cast iron – Memphis and New Orleans manufacture.

Commodore Foote was opposed to giving the rebels any chance to leave Columbus.  He wanted to shell them into surrender, and he felt confident of his ability to do so, with the gun boats and eight mortars.  He gave way however, to the “admonitions” of Gen. Cullum and others, and the result has been what may be called a strategic triumph for the rebel cause.  Gen. Polk knew full well that the Southern Confederacy’s downfall would follow hard upon the Defeat of the Southern arms at Columbus, hence the cunningly devised evacuation, carried on while our Generals were soberly musing over the flag of truce.  The rebels knew that they had to fall at Columbus and it was their policy to fall as easily as possible.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Wednesday Morning, March 12, 1862, p. 2

From The Second Iowa Cavalry

BIRD’S POINT, Mo., March 2, 1862.

FRIEND SANDERS. – The papers reach us very irregularly here.  Those writing, or mailing for the 2d cavalry, will please direct to Cairo, Ill., until further orders; we have a regimental mail to and from Cairo daily.

The general health of the regiment is better than at any time since leaving Davenport.  Surgeons Reeder and Noyes, are enjoying at present a respite from the arduous duties imposed on them, day and night, while at Benton Barracks.

On Wednesday last I had the pleasure of going aboard the “Benton” at Cairo.  She has never yet been in action, her engines having proved deficient, on her trial trip.  She is now completed and is the largest, staunchest boat of them all.  She carries sixteen guns; of her four bow guns, two are nine inch shell, Columbiads, and two fifty-six pounders, riffled.  She is very wide and roomy and coated with iron mail from stem to stern.  On her bow she is protected by twenty-six inches in thickness of solid oak timber, besides her iron plating, her pilot house is formed of solid iron, a foot thick and so constructed as to be impervious to any shot the rebels may choose to greet her with.  She requires two hundred and fifty men to man her.  She is to be the flag ship.

When the fleet of gun and mortar boats get under way, look out for a speedy opening of the Mississippi from Cairo to New Orleans.

On Friday night, at 9 o’clock, orders came for the first and second battalions, to be ready to march in half an hour, with two days rations.  This was short notice, but at the time named the first battalion was in line on the parade ground, armed, equipped and ready for the fray.  They were soon joined by the second battalion, and at 10 o’clock the guides went forward and the march commenced.  The night was cloudy, with occasionally a sprinkle of rain, and figuratively speaking, as dark as a “stack of black cats.”

For five or six miles our route lay through the dense forest, skirting the river bank.  There was no road, and the guides picked their way as best they could, having only the course of the river for their direction.  The 7th Ill. cavalry were also in the column, which as we marched by twos, was about 2 miles long.  On we went now running against this tree, then on that stump, then over a log or entangled in a fallen tree top, or stumbling among flood wood, which had been drifted in by the previous overflow of high water; at another time in the darkness a horse and rider got off the bank, into the river. – At each of these mishaps the long column would be brought to a halt, and sometimes be brought up “all standing,” and again plunging down a steep bank or into some ravine.  Sometimes horses and riders would be down flat.

After leaving the river the road followed along the bank of a lake or bayou eight or ten miles, with a dyke extending the whole distance to prevent overflow in high water.  Sometimes we were in the road, but mostly in the ditch alongside and on top of the dyke.

Just before day Charleston was reached, the column halted, and a hasty breakfast was disposed of.  This Charleston is one of Jeff. Thompson’s points, and he and his crew were the crowd we were after.  About daylight the 2d cavalry proceeded on six miles further to Bertrand, and according to orders awaited the arrival of Gen. Paine.  He arrived about 10 o’clock, and gave orders for a return to camp.  In fifteen minutes the line was in motion, faced homewards – much to the chagrin of the 2d Cavalry, who had calculated on a brush and the capture of Jeff., sure.  But as usual, he was non est.  Had he not been, the 2d Iowa might have had a trophy.

We arrived in camp at 5 a.m. Saturday, having made nearly fifty miles in less than 20 hours.  We are up and ready for the next call, and hope when next we go, to meet secesh.  Charleston is a “right smart town,” and a beautiful country immediately around it.  Bertrand is a God-forsaken place, seeming to be deserted by every living thing.  The country through which we passed was generally well settled, and on many of the farms good, neat and substantial farm houses, but the general absence of window curtains gave a desolate appearance to the houses, and showed a great lack of good taste at least in the inhabitants.  I noticed farmers plowing, and others making garden.

8 P. M. – The 3d battalion have just received orders to march to-morrow morning about 6 o’clock, with their transportation, and encamp at Charleston.  Hoping our chance my come soon, truly yours,

DIFF.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Friday Morning, March 7, 1862, p. 2

The War News

Jeff. Thompson again Routed.

Rebel Battery on Tennessee River Silenced.

The Flag of the Iowa Second being taken to Des Moines.

Columbus Evacuated and Burned.

FOREIGN NEWS PER STEAMSHIP NORWEGIAN.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Wednesday Morning, March 5, 1862, p. 1

From Cairo

CAIRO, March 3.

Captain Holeman, of the 7^th Ill. Cavalry, with 46 men, while making a reconnoisance of the country west of Charleston, Mo., came across 90 rebel cavalry, commanded by the veritable Jeff. Thompson, and after pursuing them a long distance forced them to make a stand about five miles below Sikeston.  Jeff.’s artillery was planted in such a manner as to command all approaches, and our forces were compelled to charge in the face of his battery.  This they did with great gallantry and succeeded in capturing four guns and putting the Confederates to flight, with a loss on our part of one man, who straggled from the command and was taken prisoner.  The rebel loss not ascertained.

The steamer Isetta arrived from the Tennessee river yesterday.  She reports that the gunboats Tyler and Lexington, accompanied by the transport Isetta, were approaching Pittsburg, a small town on the Tennessee river about eight miles above Savannah, and when within half a mile of the town were fired upon by a battery located upon a bluff overlooking the river.  The gunboats replied and for one-half hour shot and shell fell thick and furious.

At the expiration of that time the battery was silenced.  The gunboats continued to shell the battery for a half an hour, when, 86 marines and infantry left the boats. – They went ashore, burned one house, and visited one of the confederate camps.  The enemy again opened fire, but our forces repulsed and drove them over the hill.  The enemy’s forces, consisting of cavalry and infantry, being larger than the federals, they were enabled to flank them, and a retreat was ordered.  This was accomplished in good order under heavy fire.

Previous to the retreat our men captured a drum, upon which was painted, “Captured from the federal army at Manassas.”

The battery at Pittsburg had been established since the first visit of our gunboats to Tennessee river.  It is supposed that there were about 1,000 Confederate troops in the vicinity of Pittsburg.  Our loss is 1 killed, 4 wounded, and 3 missing.

The Isetta brought down about 800 bu. Of contraband wheat, belonging to one Russel, a notorious rebel, formerly of Louisville.  This was taken at Clifton.

The Isetta also brought down 20 Union refugees.  The officers of the boat represent the existence of considerable Union Sentiment in that part of Tennessee visited by our gunboats, and say that the woods along the river are full of Union men, who have been driven from their homes and await the arrival of the Federal forces to rid them of their persecutors.

At an election held at Savannah on Saturday, for Sheriff and clerk of the courts, the Union ticket received 370 votes and the secession 45.

A gentleman just arrived from Charlestown, Mo., brings intelligence of the capture of forty men belonging to Jeff. Thompson’s command, and four small 1-poounder guns.  The locality of the capture was five miles south of Sikeston.

Col. J. J. S. Wilson has resigned his position as assistant military manager of telegraphs.

CAIRO, March 1 – 9 P. M.

The sky is now most brilliantly illuminated by the reflection from a large conflagration, in the line of Columbus and apparently as far distant.  It is the opinion that Columbus is burned.  Rumors of its evacuation have been current in the streets all day.

Fresh rumors are rife here this evening of the evacuation of Columbus.  It is reported that the rebels have retreated to Island No. 10, and will make a stand there.  They claim it is the strongest position on the Mississippi river.  Men and pilots here, however, deny its claim in that respect.

The transport Economy was sunk in the Cumberland to-day.

No boats from up the river have arrived to-day.

Secretary Stanton’s recent order is still a theme of discussion here, especially the 3^rd regulation.  Various views of it are entertained, the most recognizing it as a judicious order.  Northern newspapers find their way to the rebels with the utmost regularity.  St. Louis papers reach Columbus daily, probably by bottle navigation.

The various newspaper correspondents at Cairo paid their respects to Gov. Kirkwood of Iowa, this evening.  The Governor has been here for some days, looking after the Iowa wounded.  He is firm in the belief that the rebellion is in process of rapid extinction.

The Cumberland river is very high and rapidly raising.

The Tennessee Legislature is still in session at Memphis.

A very bright light, as of a large conflagration, in the direction of Blandville, was seen from here last night.

The flag of the gallant Iowa 2d, the first which was planted on the enemy’s works at Donelson, arrived yesterday, en route for Iowa.  Three of the color bearers were killed and three wounded.

It is to hang over the speaker’s chair in the Iowa House of Representitives, and after the adjournment of the Legislature will be deposited in the archives of the Historical Society.  The flag bears the marks of the terrible conflict at Donelson, having no less than sixteen bullet holes through it.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Wednesday Morning, March 5, 1862, p. 1

From St. Louis

ST. LOUIS, March 3.

A special to the Missouri Democrat, from Cairo, 2d inst., says a great light was seen in the direction of Columbus last night. – It is generally believed that the rebels there have burned everything of an inflammable nature.

The Memphis Appeal of the 28^th ult. has the following:  We have information from Nashville up to Wednesday noon.  Gen. Buell and Com. Foot arrived and occupied the place.  The U. S. flag was raised over the dome of the capitol and floats there now.  But one Federal flag was exhibited, and that from the shop of a Yankee jeweler, who had long been suspected of disloyalty.  The feeling is Nashville is strongly Southern.  Deep gloom seemed to cover the community.  Citizens avoid intercourse of any kind with the invaders.  Two British flags have been raised by property holders, thus, evincing their intention to claim the protection of that government.

The sick are being removed from Columbus.

We are pleased to learn that Beauregard is making prompt and energetic preparations to oppose the attack, which now seems so imminent on Columbus.

The reported capture of B. R. Johnson at Ft. Donelson is incorrect.  He arrived at Nashville, Saturday having escaped the enemy.

Jeff. Thompson left his old headquarters day before yesterday, on a secret expedition.  He will turn up somewhere.

Both houses of the Tenn. Legislature met on the 27^th, and adjourned for want of a quorum.

Concerning the President’s message the Appeal says: “He is free to confess the error of his past policy, and the extent of disasters which have followed from it.  We think vigorous war will soon be made on the advancing columns of the enemy; that we will attack, pursue, and destroy, instead of being attacked, pursued and destroyed. – The spade will be dropped, and the bayonet resumed; in other words, the policy of Fabian Davis will yield to that of the Napoleonic Beauregard.  In view of these facts we can see light gleaming through the dark clouds and that at present environ us, which will burst forth in less than sixty days in full and resplendent luster.”

The rebels are said to be fortifying Island No. 10, thirty-five miles below Columbus, which place they will fall back on.  High ground is found on the island, which is well adapted for planting batteries to command the river.

Prominent officers believe that Columbus was burnt last night.

– Published in The Davenport Daily Gazette, Davenport, Iowa, Tuesday Morning, March 4, 1862, p. 1

What the Memphis Papers Say of the Prospect – Savannah Not to be Surrendered

BEFORE CORINTH, May 16. – The Memphis Avalanche of the 18th contains the following:

FORT PILLOW, May 12. – We fought the enemy with four of our lightest boats on hour and a half.  We sunk one gunboat and two mortar boats.  Our loss was two killed and eight wounded and that of the enemy very heavy, as our sharpshooters latterly mowed them down.

We fought side by side with the enemy, and not one passed through our breastworks.  Our upper works are riddled, but we are ready to butt again.  We will be able to hold the river.

Speaking of the fall of Norfolk, the editor say[s], Worse than all, the Virginia, on which we so confidently relied, was burned at Craney Island on Saturday night.  Such is the tenor in the brief of the painful intelligence which flashed over the wires.

There were three cases of yellow fever at New Orleans at last accounts, two in the charity hospital and one in the French part of the city.

The Avalanche also says it has been formally decided that Savannah shall never be surrendered.

The Provost Marshal at Memphis has received instructions from the military authorities to require the banks at Memphis to take Confederate notes as currency and to arrest as disloyal all persons who refuse to receive them in ordinary business transactions.

The gunboats in the late attack on Commodore Foote were commanded by Montgomery assisted by Jeff Thompson.

At Memphis flour was quoted at $20@21, wheat @@2.25, bacon 30@32c for sides and hams, suger 6@7½c, molasses 25c, cotton and tobacco no sales, receipts or shipments, corn $1.40, oats $1.25.

The Avalanche says, “Not withstanding the Federal progress we feel an abiding confidence that Magruder will get to Richmond some time before McClellan.”

The Avalanche thinks that real estate is the best security, and urges money holders to make investments in realestate.  Arrangements have been effected by Generals Halleck and Beauregard to exchange the surgeons now prisoners.

One hundred and fourteen prisoners were sent in by Beauregard to-day under a flag of truce borne by Col. Pegram, of Western Virginia notoriety.

These prisoners have been confined at Columbus, Mississippi, some of them taken in Missouri last summer.

Before leaving Corinth one of their number was recognized by one of Price’s men as a member of the 25th Missouri, paroled at Lexington.  Beauregard ordered him to be heavily ironed.

Mortan and Adjutant General Noble arrived to-day.

– Published in The Burlington Weekly Hawk-Eye, Burlington, Iowa, Saturday, May 24, 1862, p. 4