This morning the dark overhanging clouds are threatening rain. The Seventh are ordered to quarter themselves in the few scattering houses yet remaining in South Florence. Hark! the drum beats for an assembly. The Seventh are ordered to their camping ground on the hill. Colonel Rowett calling the regiment to attention, informs them of the wanton destruction of property out on the plantations, and orders the First Sergeant to call the roll, who reports all present or accounted for, and as usual the Seventh is clear. Though no one would ever suspect any of the Seventh guilty of pillaging houses or stealing, yet a general order is applicable to allhence the roll call by the first sergeants of the regiment. After this the soldiers return to their houses where they remain comfortable during the night.
Showing posts with label Pillaging. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Pillaging. Show all posts
Tuesday, December 14, 2021
Diary of Private Daniel L. Ambrose: Sunday, April 26, 1863
SOURCE: Daniel Leib Ambrose, History of the Seventh Regiment
Illinois Volunteer Infantry, p. 151-2
Thursday, April 15, 2021
Major Charles Wright Wills: February 24, 1865
West's Cross Roads, 13 miles northeast of Camden, S. C.,
February 24, 1865.
Made 14 miles a little south of east. We passed about a mile south of Gates' old battle ground. A dozen foragers of the 99th Indiana were captured to-day, but our foragers caught more Rebels than that, besides 50 wagons and 200 horses and mules belonging to refugees. Stringent orders from Howard, Logan and Wood about stealing. It has rained for 24 hours. No enemy in front to-day. Got out of the clay hills again on sand-pine flats.
SOURCE: Charles
Wright Wills, Army Life of an Illinois Soldier, p. 352
Monday, August 24, 2020
Captain Charles Wright Wills: November 20, 1864
Near Clinton, November
20, 1864.
Struck out foraging before daylight this morning. Almost any
house on the road to-day would furnish pork and potatoes enough for a brigade.
I got to the regiment about 8 p. m. last night. They say our brigade marched
until 3 a. m., and the reveille sounded before the men got through supper. We
passed over the scene of Stoneman's fighting and surrender last August. Some of
our men found two of our dead soldiers unburied, which don't speak well for the
Rebels, and is charged against them. I think there is less pillaging this trip
than I ever saw before.
SOURCE: Charles Wright Wills, Army Life of an
Illinois Soldier, p. 321
Saturday, July 4, 2020
Captain Charles Wright Wills: October 19, 1864
Near Summerville,
October 19, 1864.
Reached this place yesterday. The cavalry advance had some
sharp skirmishing, and brought back some two or three prisoners. We are drawing
full rations, besides preying off the country, all kinds of meat, apples,
potatoes, and I believe the men find a little of everything known to be
eatable. Entering houses is prohibited under penalty of death, but some scoundrels
manage to pillage many houses. Foraging is also half prohibited, but I
am satisfied that our general officers do not object to our taking meat, etc.,
if houses are not entered. Ten p. m.—Have stopped here to draw rations. The 23d
and 4th Corps have already moved forward on the old Alabama road. That looks as
though we were intending to follow the Rebels. We “liners” have no idea where
they are. One rumor is that they are moving northwest, intending to cross the
Tennessee river, south or southwest of Huntsville. Another that they are moving
to their new base at or near Blue Mountain, on the road from here to Talladega,
Ala. If we are going to follow them, I look for a long campaign. But for one
thing, we would rather go into a campaign immediately than into camp. That is,
the men have not been paid off for ten months, and many families are
undoubtedly suffering in consequence. Our money is waiting for us, and we will
get it whenever the Johnnies will let us stop long enough for the paymasters to
catch up. Don't you people ever think of us as being without rations. We
sometimes wish the Rebels would cut our communications entirely, so that we
could live wholly off the country. The Rebels only take corn and meat, and we
fatten on what they are not allowed to touch.
SOURCE: Charles
Wright Wills, Army Life of an Illinois Soldier, p. 313
Thursday, January 9, 2020
Diary of Colonel Rutherford B. Hayes: Wednesday, May 11, 1864
Blacksburg, nine miles, through a finely cultivated country;
constant pursuit of mounted videttes. We caught Colonel Linkus, formerly of
[the] Thirty-sixth [Virginia], as he was leaving town. Camped about 2 P. M. on
a fine slope in a fierce rain-storm. No comfort.
I protect all the property in my vicinity. I take food and
forage and burn rails, but all pillaging and plundering my brigade is clear
from. I can't say as much for the Pennsylvania regiments, Third and Fourth,
etc. Their conduct is most disgraceful. An officer may be excused for an
occasional outrage by some villain in his command, but this infamous and
universal plundering ought to dispose of shoulder-straps. Camped on Amos' farm
— engaged in the Rebellion.
SOURCE: Charles Richard Williams, editor, Diary and
Letters of Rutherford Birchard Hayes, Volume 2, p. 457
Tuesday, April 3, 2018
Captain Charles Wright Wills to his Sister: January 5, 1864
Scottsboro, Ala., January 5, 1864.
Your brother no longer represents the Festive Mamaluke, but has
returned from his paradise of fresh pork, cornbread, honey, milk, and horse, to
his original heavy infantry exercise, his nix-Grahamite diet of army rations,
to that headquarters of red-tapeism, a “permanent camp,” in short, to the
elysium of the enlisted men, and purgatory of company commanders winter
quarters. In short, the powers that be concluded that dismounting us would not
render the salvation of the Union impossible, and as the detachment was getting
a very hard reputation, and making much trouble for said powers to settle, ’twas
decided to unhorse us. It's all over now, the mounting part has “played” and
that string will not probably be harped on again for this brigade to dance to.
I think that to-day, Sherman, Logan or Ewing would not trust a detachment of
this brigade on sorebacked mules if they had only three legs. This little squad
of 500 men in the two months they have been mounted have committed more
devilment than two divisions of regular cavalry could in five years. Everything
you can think of, from shooting negroes, or marrying these simple country
women, down to stealing babies' diapers. From taking $2,700.00 in gold, to
snatching a brass ring off the finger of the woman who handed a drink of water.
From taking the last "old mar" the widow had to carry her grist to
mill, to robbing the bed of its cord, for halters, and taking the clothes line
and bedclothing “to boot.” I'll venture that before we were dismounted, not a
wellrope, tracechain, or piece of cord of any kind strong enough to hold a
horse could be found in the districts through which we have foraged. I want you
to understand that my command is not responsible for the heavy devilment. I
have steadily discountenanced it, and watched my men carefully. I am willing to
be responsible for all they did, and will probably have a chance, as I
understand a board of inquiry sits on the subject shortly. Some of the officers
will, I think, have cause to wish they were never mounted; and to think that “Mission
Ridge” would have been preferable to the duty they have been on. We had been
looking for General Ewing out to our bivouac to review us for several days, and
I rather saw in the distance that dismount was an order we'd get shortly, and
had sent in to our colonel, lieutenant colonel and staff some of my best
horses, knowing that if we got dismounted they would be taken by Sherman, Logan
or Ewing. Sure enough, on the morning of the New Year's day came an order to
form to be review by some heavy staff. The review consisted in their picking
out what good horses there were, turning the rest into a corral, and sending us
to our regiments on foot. We got here the same day, found the regiment just
pitching camp, with the idea that winter quarters or a good long rest, at
least, was their portion. Our company already has good comfortable quarters up,
and is as well fixed for winter as we care about being. But already we hear it
rumored that our division is to move down to Huntsville in a short time, and we
have had no orders to prepare winter quarters. All right. It has been pretty
cold here although we have had no snow nor ice that could bear a man. A great
deal of rain. The regiment is very healthy. Not a dozen men complaining. My wrist
is improving slowly. Not worth very much yet. Doctor says 'twill take it a year
to get well. That bone at the wrist joint protrudes considerably. All right.
The veteran feeling is "terrific" here. Three regiments in our
brigade the only ones eligible (that is that have been in two years) have
re-enlisted almost to a man. 40th Illinois, 46th Ohio and 6th Iowa. In our
division there are seven regiments eligible and all have re-enlisted, and are
going home in a few days. It is, I think, the grandest thing of the war. These
old soldiers so enthusiastically and unanimously “going-inimously.” I guess no
one is more astonished at it than the very men who are enlisting. One of the
40th boys told me that "about 15 of us were talking about it and cussing
it, until every son of a gun of us concluded to, and did re-enlist." Our
regiment hasn't been in long enough to make veterans. Wouldn't you rather have
me stay in service until this war ends? I get the blues, though, sometimes, and
think of getting out and denying that I ever was in the war. Haven't I a
brilliant record, Thirty-three months in service and not a battle.
Clear and cold this morning. I'm very comfortable. Have built me a
brick fireplace and chimney, raised my tent two and one-half feet on a broad
frame. Made me a good bed with broom sage for soft, and am living high.
I received three recruits yesterday and have at least one more coming.
I have more men for duty than any other company. Night before last two
Confederate soldiers came into our camp and stole three horses, two of them
belonging to our surgeons, and the other to the adjutant. The Rebels crossed
the Tennessee river, which is only four miles from here and recrossed safely
with their horses. I call that pretty sharp. The horses were only about 30 yards
from where I sleep. They might just as well have got me. I feel highly
complimented by their prefering the horses to me. We had one-fourth of an inch
of snow last night. Gone now. Yesterday three teamsters, belonging to Logan's
headquarters while foraging went to pillaging a house. The woman of the house
tried to stop them, when one of the fellows struck her on the head with a gun
and killed her. This was about three miles from here.
SOURCE: Charles Wright Wills, Army Life of an
Illinois Soldier, p. 208-11
Labels:
103rd IL INF,
40th IL INF,
46th OH INF,
6th IA INF,
Boards of Inquiry,
Charles Ewing,
Charles W Wills,
Foraging,
horses,
Huntsville,
John A Logan,
Negro/Negroes,
Parades And Reviews,
Pillaging,
Re-enlistments,
Recruits,
Weather,
William T. Sherman,
Winter Quarters,
Yankee Atrocities
Saturday, February 25, 2017
Diary of 1st Lieutenant John S. Morgan: Thursday, April 27, 1865
Genl Inspection at 9 A. M. co come in at 11, an extra Roll
call was ordered by Genl Benton at 1. P. M all absentees to be reported to Div
Head Quarter. Cos A. & B. were sent out to patrol & bring in soldiers
found pillaging, several were sent in, A soldier from Forests army says that
his men declare publicly if he does not disband them if Jonston surrenders they
will kill him & go home, a slight shower at 1 P. M. and sprinkles semi
occasionally during the afternoon after supper walk down to the river, call in
to see Lt Cory, & after return to camp take a stroll with Lt Sharman. No
boats in, no mail, no news!
SOURCE: “Diary of John S. Morgan, Company G, 33rd Iowa
Infantry,” Annals of Iowa, 3rd Series, Vol. 13, No. 8, April 1923,
p. 596
Wednesday, April 27, 2016
Diary of Colonel William F. Bartlett: Saturday, March 14, 1863
Got the order at midnight to start at three A. M. It made a
wild picture in the dark morning, the camp fires blazing high, surrounded by
dark forms. A little piece of the old moon just rising in the east. We bade
good-by to the camp, marched through the town, and about daylight struck the
Bayou Sara road towards Port Hudson. We knew then for the first time in which
direction we were going.
It was very pleasant marching in the cool of the morning
through the heavy woods. The road was perfectly straight, and we could see it
narrowing until the trees on each side seemed to meet, miles ahead. About nine
A. M. we reached the river, Bayou Montesino. Two bridges crossed it, a pontoon
and a plank. At this time, General Banks passed through the lines to the front.
All was silence. I could not help thinking of the time, nearly a year ago, when
we were marching in the same way, on a road very similar, towards Yorktown, when
McClellan passed along through the army, and for miles and miles the cheers
were deafening. We halted at the bridge some time for the wagons to get over.
At noon we halted near a farm-house, fourteen miles from Port Hudson. The men
made sad work with the poultry and stock. This army will be demoralized, if
this pillaging is allowed to go on. My regiment think it hard that I won't let
them go in and plunder when every body else is doing it. These marauders not
only steal poultry and other live meat, but in some cases even go into the
houses, and take the food off the table, steal jewelry, and other valuables. I
believe in “living on the enemy's country,” but the beef and other food should
be taken by the proper officers and issued to the troops as it is required, not
slaughtered recklessly and left untouched to waste. Besides, it is the moral
effect on troops, if they are allowed to steal and kill, each one for himself.
They soon become lawless and ungovernable, — an armed mob.
My regiment shall not pillage in this way, if every other
regiment in this army does.
These people will be likely to favor the advance of a
federal army, if their houses are to be ransacked, furniture broken, etc., by a
mob of soldiers, every time a brigade passes their door. Banks must publish
some severe order to stop this thing, or I wouldn't give much for his army in a
month's time.
(Since writing the above a week ago, an order has been
issued to remedy this evil. It is not severe enough yet.)
We marched a few miles farther and went into bivouac, in a
large open field, and pitched the shelter tents.
I had been in the saddle since three in the morning, twelve
hours, but it made me laugh to myself, at hearing other mounted officers
complain of “being all tired out,” etc. I found a good place for the horses in
a barn near by, and then lay down on the grass and fell asleep, waiting for the
wagon with my tent and food to come up. Got the tent pitched about sundown.
Some hay made a luxurious bed, into which I crawled as soon as I had attended
to everything, which was near nine P. M. Grover's advance is within four or
five miles of the enemy's works; Emory's between us and Grover. I went to sleep
the moment I touched the ground. Was awakened at eleven by heavy cannonading at
the front, towards the river. It was the gunboats. We slept after this with one
eye open, hearing the terrific roar of artillery.
SOURCE: Francis Winthrop Palfrey, Memoir of William
Francis Bartlett, p. 73-5
Labels:
Banks,
Beef,
Cannonading,
Cuvier Grover,
Food,
George B. McClellan,
Gunboats,
On The March,
Pillaging,
Plundering,
Pontoon Bridges,
Pontoons,
Port Hudson,
Shelter Tents,
Weather,
William H Emory,
Yorktown VA
Sunday, April 24, 2016
Captain William Thompson Lusk to Elizabeth Adams Lusk, November 13, 1861
Headquarters Second Brigade,
Hilton Head, S. C.
November 13th, 1861.
My dear Mother:
I am delighted, after several busy days, once more to have
an opportunity to quiet the uneasiness of your anxious heart, and assure you of
my continued welfare. We are now fairly ensconced on South Carolina soil. Our
headquarters are at an old wooden building innocent of paint, but rendered
interesting by a large hole in the side, caused by the passage of one of our
shot. These were pleasant places that the planters have abandoned us, and
though conscious that our victory has been glorious, and that a heavy blow has
been struck, would to God that this war had never visited us, and that the
planters were once more peacefully cultivating their pleasant homes. The
country for many miles around has fallen into the hands of our armies, and,
unhappily, victors are apt to be ruthless in destroying the property of
conquered enemies.
However, the season of pillage is almost over. Our camps are
being well guarded, and the opportunities for the escape of straggling parties
of marauders have ceased. Every effort has been made to check wanton excesses,
and it has been made for a few days past almost the sole duty of the Aides to
scour the country for the purpose of intercepting parties wandering about
without proper authority. In this manner I have come to see something of
neighboring plantations, which are among the wealthiest in South Carolina.
I wrote you before that here lived the Pinckneys, the Popes,
a gentleman named Jenkins-Stoney, and others whose names may, or may not be
familiar to you. Their houses are in the old fashioned Southern mansion style,
and show evidences of luxury and comfort.
By-the-way, I saw a letter from a Secession soldier named
Lusk the other day, which dilated much on the justice of the Southern cause,
and the certainty that God would give the South the victory. I hear there is,
or was previous to our arrival, a large family of Lusks at Beaufort, a few
miles distant. I regret to say that the letter I have mentioned, did not show
the writer to have displayed any great diligence in studying his spelling-book
in the days of early youth. The weather here is warm as summer. Oranges hang still
in ripe profusion on the trees, the cotton remains unpicked, and the corn
remains for us to gather. Negroes crowd in swarms to our lines, happy in the
thought of freedom, dancing, singing, void of care, and vainly dreaming that
all toil is in future to be spared, and that henceforth they are to lead that
life of lazy idleness which forms the Nigger's Paradise. I fear that before
long they have passed only from the hands of one taskmaster into the hands of
another.
All this long time I get no news from home, and am eagerly, impatiently,
awaiting the advent of the mail which is to recompense for the long weeks
of waiting. I may write very irregularly, as my time was never so little my own
as now. I think, when the “Vanderbilt” returns, you will see my old school
friend Sandford, who will bear you news of me. Sandford is a young fellow, of
the family of the name, so extensively engaged in shipping interests. I mention
this as possibly Uncle Phelps may know of them. Have Lilly and Tom any
intention of soon being married? I send by Sandford, a hundred dollars of my
pay home to be delivered to Uncle Phelps, and would like $25.00 of it to be
expended in buying Lilly, when the wedding day comes, some remembrance from
brother Will. I enclose in this letter a $5.00 bill to be especially employed
in the purchase of toys for the children. I would like much to see little
Willie and Turlie once more. If I possibly can, I shall try and get a leave of
absence about Christmas time, though I hardly expect to be successful. Walter,
I suppose, is fairly home by this time. I would have written before,
congratulating him upon the arrival of his little boy, but have been waiting to
get hold of the letter which announces it. Beyond the fact that he is a father
I know nothing.
Give love to all my friends, and all who feel an interest in
me. I would like to see you soon again, which, in fact, is the burthen of all
the Southern letters we have intercepted. There is one thing very conspicuous
in all letters from Southern soldiers. I refer to the deep religious vein
pervading them. Their religious impressions seem to be warmer than those of our
troops. One poor fellow fears their cause is doomed because of the fearful
immorality in their ranks. “Why,” he writes, “I even hear that officers have
been known to curse the men under their command.”
Good-bye,
Very Affec'y.,
Will.
SOURCE: William Chittenden Lusk, Editor, War Letters
of William Thompson Lusk, p. 99-102
Labels:
Beaufort SC,
Captured Mail,
Corn,
Cotton,
Cursing,
Hilton Head Island,
Leaves of Absence,
Mail,
Negro/Negroes,
Nigger(s),
Pillaging,
Plantations,
Religion,
South Carolina,
USS Vanderbilt,
Weather,
Weddings,
William T Lusk
Thursday, October 8, 2015
Diary of Sarah Morgan: August 23, 1862
Yesterday Anna and I spent the day with Lilly, and the rain
in the evening obliged us to stay all night. Dr. Perkins stopped there, and
repeated the same old stories we have been hearing, about the powder placed
under the State House and Garrison, to blow them up, if forced to evacuate the
town. He confirms the story about all the convicts being set free, and the town
being pillaged by the negroes and the rest of the Yankees. He says his own
slaves told him they were allowed to enter the houses and help themselves, and
what they did not want the Yankees either destroyed on the spot, or had it
carried to the Garrison and burned. They also bragged of having stopped ladies
on the street, cut their necklaces from their necks, and stripped the rings
from their fingers, without hesitation. It may be that they were just bragging
to look great in the eyes of their masters; I hope so, for Heaven help them if
they fall into the hands of the Confederates, if it is true.
I could not record all the stories of wanton destruction
that reached us. I would rather not believe that the Federal Government could
be so disgraced by its own soldiers. Dr. Day says they left nothing at all in
his house, and carried everything off from Dr. Enders's. He does not believe we
have a single article left in ours. I hope they spared Miriam's piano. But they
say the soldiers had so many that they offered them for sale at five dollars
apiece! We heard that the town had been completely evacuated, and all had gone
to New Orleans except three gunboats that were preparing to shell, before
leaving.
This morning Withers's battery passed Mr. Elder's on their
way to Port Hudson, and stopped to get water. There were several buckets served
by several servants; but I took possession of one, to their great amusement.
What a profusion of thanks over a can of water! It made me smile, and they
smiled to see my work, so it was all very funny. It was astonishing to see the
number of Yankee canteens in the possession of our men. Almost all those who
fought at Baton Rouge are provided with them. In their canvas and wire cases,
with neat stoppers, they are easily distinguished from our rough, flat, tin
ones. I declare I felt ever so important in my new situation as waiting-maid!
There is very little we would not do for our soldiers,
though. There is mother, for instance, who got on her knees to bathe the face
and hands of a fever-struck soldier of the Arkansas, while the girls held the
plates of those who were too weak to hold them and eat at the same time.
Blessed is the Confederate soldier who has even toothache, when there are women
near! What sympathies and remedies are volunteered! I always laugh, as I did
then, when I think of the supposed wounded man those girls discovered on that
memorable Arkansas day. I must first acknowledge that it was my fault; for seized
with compassion for a man supported by two others who headed the procession, I
cried, “Oh, look! he is wounded!” “Oh, poor fellow!” screamed the others, while
tears and exclamations flowed abundantly, until one of the men, smiling
humorously, cried out, “Nothing the matter with him!” and on nearer view, I
perceived it was laziness, or perhaps something else, and was forced to laugh
at the streaming eyes of those tender-hearted girls.
SOURCE: Sarah Morgan Dawson, A Confederate Girl's
Diary, p. 184-7
Thursday, July 23, 2015
Diary of Judith Brockenbrough McGuire: February 20, 1863
A letter this morning from Sister M., who has returned to
her home on the Potomac. She gives me an account of many “excitements” to which
they are exposed from the landing of Yankees, and the pleasure they take in
receiving and entertaining Marylanders coming over to join us, and others who
go to their house to “bide their time” for running the blockade to Maryland. “Among
others,” she says, “we have lately been honoured by two sprigs of English
nobility, the Marquis of Hastings and Colonel Leslie of the British army. The
Marquis is the future Duke of Devonshire. They only spent the evening, as they
hoped to cross the river last night. They are gentlemanly men, having no airs
about them; but ‘my lord’ is excessively awkward. They don't compare at all in
ease or elegance of manner or appearance with our educated men of the South.
They wore travelling suits of very coarse cloth — a kind of pea-jacket, such as
sailors wear. As it was raining, the boots of the Colonel were worn over his
pantaloons. They were extremely tall, and might have passed very well at first
sight for Western wagoners! We have also had the Rev. Dr. Joseph Wilmer with us
for some days. He is going to Europe, and came down with a party, the
Englishmen included, to cross the river. The Doctor is too High Church for my
views, but exceedingly agreeable, and an elegant gentleman. They crossed safely
last night, and are now en route for New York, where they hope to take
the steamer on Wednesday next.” She does not finish her letter until the 17th,
and gives an account of a pillaging raid through her neighbourhood. She writes
on the 14th: “There had been rumours of Yankees for some days, and this morning
they came in good earnest. They took our carriage horses, and two others, in
spite of our remonstrances; demanded the key of the meat-house, and took as
many of our sugar-cured hams as they wanted; to-night they broke open our barn,
and fed their horses, and are even now prowling around the servants’ houses in
search of eggs, poultry, etc. They have taken many prisoners, and all the
horses they could find in the neighbourhood. We have a rumour that an infantry
force is coming up from Heathsville, where they landed yesterday. We now see
many camp-fires, and what we suppose to be a picket-fire, between this and the
Rectory. My daughters, children and myself are here alone; not a man in the
house. Our trust is in God. We pray not only that we may be delivered from our
enemies, but from the fear of them. It requires much firmness to face the
creatures, and to talk with them. The Eighth New York is the regiment with
which we are cursed. The officers are polite enough, but are determined
to steal every thing they fancy.” On the 15th she says: “This morning our
enemies took their departure, promising to return in a few days. They visited
our stable again, and took our little mare ‘Virginia.’ The servants behaved
remarkably well, though they were told again and again that they were free.” Again,
on the 17th, she writes: “I saw many of the neighbours yesterday, and compared
losses. We are all pretty severely pillaged. The infantry regiment from
Heathsville took their departure on Sunday morning, in the ‘Alice Price,’ stopped
at Bushfield, and about twelve took breakfast there. Mr. B. says the vessel was
loaded with plunder, and many negroes. They took off all the negroes from the
Mantua estate; broke up the beautiful furniture at Summerfield, and committed
depredations everywhere. A company of them came up as far as Cary's on Saturday
evening, and met the cavalry. They stole horses enough on their way to be
pretty well mounted. They will blazon forth this invasion of a country of
women, children, and old men, as a brilliant feat! Now that they are gone, we
breathe more freely, but for how long a time?” We feel very anxious
about our friends between the Rappahannock and Potomac, both rivers filled with
belligerent vessels; but they have not yet suffered at all, when compared with
the lower Valley, the Piedmont country, poor old Fairfax, the country around
Richmond, the Peninsula; and, indeed, wherever the Yankee army has been, it has
left desolation behind it, and there is utter terror and dismay during its
presence.
SOURCE: Judith W. McGuire, Diary of a Southern
Refugee, During the War, p. 192-4
Labels:
Army of the Potomac,
England,
Hams,
Judith W McGuire,
Mary Brockenbrough Newton,
Maryland,
Negro/Negroes,
Pillaging,
Potomac River,
Rappahannock River,
Richmond VA,
Slaves,
The Peninsula,
Yankees
Tuesday, June 16, 2015
Diary of Margaret Junkin Preston: Saturday Evening, June 11, 1864
Our fears have all been realized: the enemy is upon us, and
is in pursuit of McCausland, who left the town about an hour before they
entered. About ten o'clock this morning, McC. burned the bridge as the enemy
approached it; he then began to fire upon them. We have been shelled in reply
all day; one shell exploded in our orchard, a few yards beyond us, — our house
being just in their range as they threw them at the retreating Confederates.
The Cadets, my husband among them, remained on the Institute hill, till the
shot and shell fell so thick that it was dangerous; the Cadets then retreated,
and are several hours ahead; but they are infantry, and this is a cavalry force
altogether. Mr. P. is just two hours ahead of them. The people from the lower
part of the town fled from their dwellings, and our house was filled with women
and children. Just in the midst of the thickest shelling, the poor wounded boy
from the Institute hospital was carried here, surrounded by a guard of cadets.
He has borne the removal very well. I have distributed some of J.'s
blackberry-wine, which I have always forborne to open, among the frightened and
almost fainting ladies. About four o'clock the head of the Yankee column came
in sight. I went out and watched them approach; saw six of our pickets run
ahead of them some ten minutes. One of them dropped his gun near our door. For
two hours there was one continuous stream of cavalry, riding at a fast trot,
and several abreast, passing out at the top of town. Then the infantry began to
pour in: these remained behind, and with cavalry who came in after, flooded the
town. They began to pour into our yard and kitchen. I ordered them out of the
kitchen, half a dozen at a time, and hesitated not to speak in the most firm
and commanding tone to them. At first they were content to receive bacon, two
slices apiece; but they soon became insolent; demanded the smokehouse key, and
told me they would break the door unless I opened it. I protested against their
pillage, and with a score of them surrounding me, with guns in their hands,
proceeded to the smokehouse and threw it open, entreating them at the same
time, by the respect they had for their wives, mothers, and sisters, to leave
me a little meat. They heeded me no more than wild beasts would have done;
swore at me; and left me not one piece. Some rushed down the cellar steps,
seized the newly churned butter there, and made off. I succeeded in keeping
them out of the house. We have had no dinner; managed to procure a little
supper; we have nailed up all the windows. I wrote a polite note to Gen.
Averill, asking for a guard; none was sent. At ten we went to bed, feeling that
we had nothing between these ravagers and us but God's protecting arm.
SOURCE: Elizabeth Preston Allan, The Life and
Letters of Margaret Junkin Preston, p. 188-9
Saturday, June 13, 2015
Diary of Luman Harris Tenney: April 25, 1862
Started south for Diamond Grove. Detachments kept leaving
when we approached the grove, so as to surround and enter it from different
directions. Nettleton and we of the noncommissioned staff took one course and
scouted through the woods. None found any rebels. Went to the farm of a Mr.
Holsell, a notorious rebel. Boys took everything takable from the house and
premises. Abundance of apples and some ammunition. Encamped here for the night.
One girl, good secesh, has brother in the rebel army.
SOURCE: Frances Andrews Tenney, War Diary Of Luman Harris
Tenney, p. 12
Tuesday, May 20, 2014
General Robert E. Lee's General Orders, No. 73
GENERAL ORDERS, No. 73.
HDQRS. ARMY OF NORTHERN
VIRGINIA,
Chambersburg, Pa.,
June 27, 1863.
The commanding general has observed with marked satisfaction
the conduct of the troops on the march, and confidently anticipates results
commensurate with the high spirit they have manifested.
No troops could have displayed greater fortitude or better
performed the arduous marches of the past ten days.
Their conduct in other respects has, with few exceptions,
been in keeping with their character as soldiers, and entitles them to
approbation and praise.
There have, however, been instances of forgetfulness, on the
part of some, that they have in keeping the yet unsullied reputation of the
army, and that the duties exacted of us by civilization and Christianity are
not less obligatory in the country of the enemy than in our own.
The commanding general considers that no greater disgrace
could befall the army, and through it our whole people, than the perpetration
of the barbarous outrages upon the unarmed and defenseless and the wanton
destruction of private property, that have marked the course of the enemy in
our own country.
Such proceedings not only degrade the perpetrators and all
connected with them, but are subversive of the discipline and efficiency of the
army, and destructive of the ends of our present movement.
It must be remembered that we make war only upon armed men,
and that we cannot take vengeance for the wrongs our people have suffered
without lowering ourselves in the eyes of all whose abhorrence has been excited
by the atrocities of our enemies, and offending against Him to whom vengeance
belongeth, without whose favor and support our efforts must all prove in vain.
The commanding general therefore earnestly exhorts the
troops to abstain with most scrupulous care from unnecessary or wanton injury
to private property, and he enjoins upon all officers to arrest and bring to
summary punishment all who shall in any way offend against the orders on this
subject.
R. E. LEE,
General.
SOURCES: John William Jones, Life and Letters of
Robert Edward Lee: Soldier and Man, p. 399-400; The War of the
Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate
Armies, Series I, Volume 27, Part 3 (Serial No. 45), p. 942-3
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